Trial reportEuropean journal of pediatrics2026
A Mediterranean lifestyle obesity prevention intervention in preschoolers at risk: MELI-POP Study-a randomized controlled trial.
Trial report in European journal of pediatrics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04597281 (MEditerranean LIfestyle in Pediatric Obesity Prevention), which is not on this map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
MEditerranean LIfestyle in Pediatric Obesity Prevention
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10 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
This study aimed to determine whether a Mediterranean lifestyle intervention, including diet and physical activity (PA), influences body composition and cardiovascular risk factors in preschoolers at risk of obesity due to family history. A parallel RCT was conducted in three Spanish cities, enrolling 206 children aged 3.0-6.9 years with normal weight or overweight and at least one parent with overweight or obesity. Participants were recruited from health centers, hospitals, and schools, and randomly assigned to either a Mediterranean lifestyle intervention or a control group. The intervention included provision of fish and olive oil, monthly nutrition education, and twice-weekly PA sessions, while the control group received general child health advice unrelated to diet or exercise. After 12 months, 170 children completed the study (17.5% dropout). Outcomes included BMI, fat mass index (FMI), and respective z-scores (primary), as well as waist-to-height ratio, blood pressure, lipid profile, glucose, and insulin (secondary). At baseline, no significant differences were observed between groups. Per-protocol analysis showed significant differences in BMI and FMI (kg/m
conclusionA Mediterranean lifestyle intervention may benefit body composition changes in preschool girls at risk of obesity; larger studies are needed to confirm these sex-specific results.
trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04597281. Date of register: 28-09-2020. https://www. CLINICALTRIALS: gov/study/NCT04597281?id=NCT04597281&rank=1 What is Known: • Mediterranean diet-based interventions have shown benefits in reducing BMI and obesity in children and adolescents. While many studies focus primarily on BMI, fewer have reported detailed body composition measures or explored potential sex-specific effects. WHAT IS NEW: • This is the first randomized controlled trial evaluating the effectiveness and efficacy of a Mediterranean lifestyle prevention intervention-including diet and PA-in preschool children at risk of obesity. Including FMI and the FMI z-score enables more specific characterization of adiposity-related changes, which complement BMI-based outcomes.
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