Evidence mapPaperPMID 41874667Full record

Trial reportEuropean journal of pediatrics2026

A Mediterranean lifestyle obesity prevention intervention in preschoolers at risk: MELI-POP Study-a randomized controlled trial.

A Larruy-García, P De Miguel-Etayo, M Gil-Campos, L M Esteban, R Picáns-Leis, B Pastor-Villaescusa, R Vázquez-Cobela, K Flores-Rojas, R Leis, L A Moreno

Registry-linked trialAbstract readRandomized Controlled TrialMulticenter Study
In one paragraph

Trial report in European journal of pediatrics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04597281 (MEditerranean LIfestyle in Pediatric Obesity Prevention), which is not on this map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT04597281 narecruitingnot on this map

MEditerranean LIfestyle in Pediatric Obesity Prevention

TypeinterventionalSponsorLuis A. Moreno AznarRan2018 to 2032Enrolled738ConditionsObesity, ChildhoodArmsLifestyle intervention
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

A Larruy-García *NUTRI-GENUD (B34_23R-Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.
P De Miguel-Etayo *NUTRI-GENUD (B34_23R-Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.
M Gil-CamposConsorcio CIBER, Fisiopatología de La Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain. mercedes_gil_campos@yahoo.es.
L M EstebanApplied Mathematics Department, Escuela Universitaria Politécnica de La Almunia, Institute for Bio-Computation and Physics of Complex Systems, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.
R Picáns-LeisNeonatology Service, RICORS-SAMID-CIBERER, University Clinical Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
B Pastor-VillaescusaMetabolism and Investigation Unit, Maimonides Institute of Biomedicine Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain.
R Vázquez-CobelaConsorcio CIBER, Fisiopatología de La Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.
K Flores-RojasMetabolism and Investigation Unit, Maimonides Institute of Biomedicine Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain.
R Leis *Consorcio CIBER, Fisiopatología de La Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.
L A Moreno *NUTRI-GENUD (B34_23R-Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study aimed to determine whether a Mediterranean lifestyle intervention, including diet and physical activity (PA), influences body composition and cardiovascular risk factors in preschoolers at risk of obesity due to family history. A parallel RCT was conducted in three Spanish cities, enrolling 206 children aged 3.0-6.9 years with normal weight or overweight and at least one parent with overweight or obesity. Participants were recruited from health centers, hospitals, and schools, and randomly assigned to either a Mediterranean lifestyle intervention or a control group. The intervention included provision of fish and olive oil, monthly nutrition education, and twice-weekly PA sessions, while the control group received general child health advice unrelated to diet or exercise. After 12 months, 170 children completed the study (17.5% dropout). Outcomes included BMI, fat mass index (FMI), and respective z-scores (primary), as well as waist-to-height ratio, blood pressure, lipid profile, glucose, and insulin (secondary). At baseline, no significant differences were observed between groups. Per-protocol analysis showed significant differences in BMI and FMI (kg/m

conclusionA Mediterranean lifestyle intervention may benefit body composition changes in preschool girls at risk of obesity; larger studies are needed to confirm these sex-specific results.

trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04597281. Date of register: 28-09-2020. https://www. CLINICALTRIALS: gov/study/NCT04597281?id=NCT04597281&rank=1 What is Known: • Mediterranean diet-based interventions have shown benefits in reducing BMI and obesity in children and adolescents. While many studies focus primarily on BMI, fewer have reported detailed body composition measures or explored potential sex-specific effects. WHAT IS NEW: • This is the first randomized controlled trial evaluating the effectiveness and efficacy of a Mediterranean lifestyle prevention intervention-including diet and PA-in preschool children at risk of obesity. Including FMI and the FMI z-score enables more specific characterization of adiposity-related changes, which complement BMI-based outcomes.

Indexed as

Diet, MediterraneanPediatric ObesityBody CompositionBody Mass IndexChildChild, PreschoolExerciseFemaleHumansMaleRisk FactorsSpainInterventionMediterranean dietObesityPreschoolersPrevention

Identifiers

PMID41874667
PMCPMC13013194

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.