ArticleJMIR research protocols2026
Longitudinal Associations Between Biomarkers and Frailty in Older Adults: Protocol for a Scoping Review.
Article in JMIR research protocols, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundFrailty is a progressive, dynamic clinical syndrome characterized by reduced physiological reserves and increased vulnerability to stressors, leading to adverse outcomes in older adults. Despite its clinical significance, routine detection of frailty remains challenging owing to subtle presentations and time constraints during assessments. Longitudinal studies are essential for capturing its biological trajectory and identifying early biomarkers.
objectiveThis scoping review aims to systematically identify and map biomarkers-including inflammatory, hormonal, metabolic, genetic, and imaging-based markers-investigated for their longitudinal associations with frailty in older adults. Studies involving older adults with comorbid conditions (eg, cancer, infectious diseases, cardiovascular diseases) will also be included when frailty is assessed as an outcome.
methodsWe will conduct a comprehensive literature search in 6 databases (PubMed, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase). We will include longitudinal studies that examine the association between objectively measured biomarkers and frailty, as assessed with validated tools, in older adults. Studies published in English, Korean, or Chinese will be considered, with no restriction on publication date.
resultsWe identified 3315 records after duplicate removal in an exploratory search conducted in July 2024, indicating a substantial body of literature for review. We plan to complete this review by December 2026.
conclusionsThis review will identify and describe longitudinal biomarkers that precede frailty in older adults, highlighting their potential for personalized clinical application. Anticipated limitations include reliance on observational study designs, methodological heterogeneity, and limited causal inference. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID): PRR1-10.2196/83312.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.