Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41877017›Full record

ArticleBMC microbiology2026

Antibiotic resistance in chicken gut bacteria: a study on bacterial diversity and drug sensitivity in some Nigerian poultry farms.

Inimfon Akaninyene Ibanga, Ubong Samuel Ekong, Otobong Donald Akan, Uduak Akpabio, Mary Christopher

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC microbiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Inimfon Akaninyene IbangaDepartment of Microbiology, Akwa Ibom State University, Ikot Akpaden, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria.
Ubong Samuel EkongDepartment of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Uyo, Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria.
Otobong Donald AkanDepartment of Microbiology, Akwa Ibom State University, Ikot Akpaden, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. Otobongakan@aksu.edu.ng.
Uduak AkpabioDepartment of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Abia State, Nigeria. udiakpabio@gmail.com.
Mary ChristopherDepartment of Microbiology, Akwa Ibom State University, Ikot Akpaden, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The rising prevalence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria in poultry, particularly in chickens, poses a serious public health risk, as these pathogens can be transmitted to humans, causing difficult-to-treat gastroenteritis. Therefore, this study was designed to isolate and characterize multidrug-resistant bacteria in poultry chickens, as well as to determine the antibiotic susceptibility and plasmid profiles of resistant bacterial isolates. A total of 360 samples were collected from the cloacae, mouth, and nares of poultry-chickens and analyzed bacteriologically, with antibiotic susceptibility testing conducted following standard microbiological procedures. Plasmid analysis and curing were performed to assess molecular weight and identify resistance mechanisms, whether plasmid-mediated or not. The MDR bacteria isolated from poultry-chickens included Proteus mirabilis (65, 43.6%), Escherichia coli (50, 33.6%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (7, 4.7%), Serratia marcescens (6, 4.0%), Serratia fonticola (5, 3.4%), Klebsiella oxytoca (3, 2.0%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (2, 1.3%), Salmonella enterica subsp. diarizonae (1, 0.7%), Shigella sonnei (1, 0.7%), Shigella flexneri (1, 0.7%), Escherichia vulneris (1, 0.7%), Enterobacter aerogenes (1, 0.7%), and Morganella morganii (1, 0.7%). Out of the 360 poultry samples analyzed, 137 (38.1%) bacterial isolates were resistant to at least three classes of antibiotics, indicating a high level of multidrug resistance among the isolates. All gastroenteric bacterial isolates (n = 137) showed 100% resistant to both meropenem and cephalosporin, but showed minimal resistance to amikacin (2.9%), making it the most effective antibiotic against these bacteria. Plasmid profiling on ten MDR isolates revealed the presence of at least one plasmid band ranging from 500 bp to 10 kbp, suggesting a possible role of plasmids in mediating antibiotic resistance. These findings underscore the serious implications of antibiotic resistance in poultry and highlights the link between plasmids and resistance, emphasizing the importance of carefully monitoring antibiotic use in developing countries, particularly in poultry farms.

Indexed as

Anti-Bacterial AgentsBacteriaChickensDrug Resistance, Multiple, BacterialGastrointestinal TractAnimalsFarmsMicrobial Sensitivity TestsNigeriaPlasmidsPoultry DiseasesAnti-Bacterial AgentsAnimal husbandryFood-borne pathogensMicrobial ecologyPlasmid-mediated antimicrobial resistance

Identifiers

PMID41877017
PMCPMC13200480

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.