ArticleJournal of multidisciplinary healthcare2026
Factors Influencing Poor Drug Compliance Among Patients with Diabetes Mellitus: An Experience from Rural Indonesia.
Article in Journal of multidisciplinary healthcare, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: Low medication compliance is one of the main challenges in managing Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) in rural areas, increasing the risk of complications. Identifying factors that influence compliance is essential for improving disease management. Methods: This cross-sectional study used data from the 2023 Indonesian Health Survey, including 292 rural T2DM patients who met the inclusion criteria. Variables examined were demographic factors and health-related factors. Odds ratios (OR) were calculated to assess associations with medication compliance. Results: Men and individuals with lower educational levels had a higher likelihood of non-compliance men (OR 1.41; p = 0.302), elementary education or below (OR 1.29; p = 0.618), whereas older age tended to be associated with better compliance (OR 0.98; p = 0.305); however, none of these associations were statistically significant. Unemployed patients had lower odds of non-compliance compared with those who were employed (aOR 0.39; p = 0.002), whereas individuals who only occasionally or never attended follow-up visits had much higher odds of non-compliance than those who did so regularly (p < 0.001 and p < 0.001), and both associations were statistically significant. Medication-related knowledge was significant in the unadjusted model (OR 3.78; p < 0.001), but not after adjustment. Perceived accessibility of health facilities was not significantly associated with non-compliance (p = 0.375). Conclusion: Medication non-compliance among patients with T2DM in rural areas shows an inverse association with being unemployed and older age, and a direct association with lower frequency of follow-up visits, male gender, lower educational level, poorer medication-related knowledge, and perceived poor accessibility of health facilities. Interventions should strengthen rural primary care via flexible service hours, active outreach, and family-involved education, particularly for working-age men.
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