Evidence mapPaperPMID 41882925Full record

ReviewDiabetes/metabolism research and reviews2026

Illuminating Glucose: How to Unveil Organ-Specific Insulin Resistance and Guide Metabolic Strategies in Diabetes.

Shawn Gugliandolo, Cassandra Morciano, Lucia Leccisotti, Umberto Capece, Gianfranco Di Giuseppe, Teresa Mezza, Gea Ciccarelli, Laura Soldovieri, Michela Brunetti, Adriana Avolio and 4 more

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Trial
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Shawn GugliandoloCentro Malattie Endocrine e Metaboliche, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS and Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.
Cassandra MorcianoCentro Malattie Endocrine e Metaboliche, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS and Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.
Lucia LeccisottiMedicina Nucleare, Dipartimento di Diagnostica per Immagini e Radioterapia Oncologica, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS and Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.
Umberto CapeceCentro Malattie Endocrine e Metaboliche, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS and Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.
Gianfranco Di GiuseppeCentro Malattie Endocrine e Metaboliche, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS and Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.
Teresa MezzaCentro Malattie Endocrine e Metaboliche, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS and Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.
Gea CiccarelliCentro Malattie Endocrine e Metaboliche, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS and Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.
Laura SoldovieriCentro Malattie Endocrine e Metaboliche, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS and Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.
Michela BrunettiCentro Malattie Endocrine e Metaboliche, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS and Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.
Adriana AvolioCentro Malattie Endocrine e Metaboliche, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS and Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.
Amelia SplendoreCentro Malattie Endocrine e Metaboliche, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS and Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.
Alfredo PontecorviCentro Malattie Endocrine e Metaboliche, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS and Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.
Andrea GiaccariCentro Malattie Endocrine e Metaboliche, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS and Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.
Francesca CintiCentro Malattie Endocrine e Metaboliche, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS and Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-5170-7055

Funding

Ministero dell'Università e della Ricerca MUR PRIN 2022 Prot. 2022TJWNLLMinistero dell'Università e della Ricerca PRIN 2020SH2ZZAUniversità Cattolica del Sacro Cuore Fondi Ateneo Linea D.1, anno 2021/2022/2023
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Recent evidence has shown that muscle insulin resistance is not the only factor contributing to type 2 diabetes (T2D). Organ-specific insulin resistance is increasingly recognised as a significant contributor to the metabolic changes that lead to hyperglycemia, although the precise extent of its impact remains unclear. The qualitative and quantitative aspects of regional insulin-resistance in determining whole body insulin resistance and glucose uptake can be explored through positron emission tomography (PET) combined with computerised tomography images, using specific radio tracers like 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-D-glucose ([18F]FDG). This approach provides new insight into organ-specific glucose uptake allowing the visualisation of glucose metabolism. This review article seeks to highlight key findings from dynamic imaging, in terms of glucose uptake, focussing on the specific compartments (muscle, liver, adipose organ, heart, kidney and brain) in different metabolic conditions, such as insulin resistance and T2D, and during metabolic treatment. In essence, mapping these distinct organ contributions in the orchestra of glucose metabolism is forging a new frontier in personalised diabetes management, allowing for treatments uniquely tailored to individual metabolic needs.

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2GlucoseInsulin ResistanceAnimalsFluorodeoxyglucose F18HumansOrgan SpecificityPositron-Emission TomographyFluorodeoxyglucose F18Glucose[18F]‐FDGdiabetesinsulin resistancemetabolismPET‐CTprecision medicineSGLT‐2i

Identifiers

PMID41882925
PMCPMC13018302

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.