Assessment of Cyclophilin A levels in early and late pregnancy among women with preeclampsia.

Background: Pre-eclampsia is one of the leading causes of maternal-fetal morbidity. Cyclophilin A, which plays a role in inflammation and vascular dysfunction, may contribute to the pathogenesis of pre-eclampsia; however, trimester-specific levels have not been adequately investigated. The aim of this study was to evaluate serum Cyclophilin A levels in women with pre-eclampsia in the first and third trimesters and to examine its association with preeclampsia across different trimesters. Methods: This prospective case-control study was conducted with 120 pregnant women without prior medical conditions. Serum samples were collected during the first trimester in all participants and during the third trimester after diagnosis in women who developed preeclampsia. Cyclophilin A levels were measured and compared between preeclampsia and control groups, as well as early- and late-onset preeclampsia subgroups based on gestational age at delivery. Results: No statistically significant differences were observed between the preeclampsia and control groups in terms of maternal age, gravidity, or parity (p > 0.05). However, serum cyclophilin A concentrations were markedly elevated in the preeclampsia group compared to healthy controls during both the first and third trimesters (p < 0.05). Subgroup analysis further revealed that patients with early-onset preeclampsia exhibited significantly higher CYPA levels in both trimesters when compared to those with late-onset preeclampsia (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Cyclophilin A levels were higher in the first trimester in women who later developed preeclampsia and remained elevated in the third trimester in women with established disease. These findings suggest a trimester-specific association between cyclophilin A and preeclampsia, warranting further investigation.