Trial reportSupportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer2026
Efficacy of guided breathing virtual reality for pain management in patients with cancer undergoing percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage.
Trial report in Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Effects of Immersive Virtual Reality Interventions on Symptom Management in Patients With Gastrointestinal Cancer: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Journal of medical Internet research · 2026Pooled it
- Telemedicine and Virtual Reality Technologies in Pain Management for Cancer Patients: A Structured Narrative Review.Current treatment options in oncology · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
purposeThis study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and analgesic potential of a guided breathing virtual reality (VR) intervention for managing pain in patients with cancer undergoing percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD).
methodsIn a randomized, controlled design, patients were assigned to receive either VR with guided deep breathing (VRBG) or conventional VR without breath guidance (VROG). Each group experienced two 7-min VR sessions featuring calming visuals and narration, with the VRBG receiving additional prompts to induce slow, rhythmic breathing.
resultsA total of 45 patients (VRBG, 22; VROG, 23) were enrolled. On the day following PTBD, opioid consumption was significantly lower with VRBG than with VROG (20.25 vs. 56.61 morphine milligram equivalents; P = 0.044). No significant difference was observed in opioid use on the day of the procedure. Patient satisfaction and willingness to reuse VR were comparable between the groups. Mild adverse events were infrequent and self-limiting.
conclusionThe study findings suggest that incorporating structured breathing guidance into VR may enhance its analgesic effect and reduce reliance on opioids after invasive procedures. To our knowledge, this is the first prospective trial to combine VR and guided breathing for PTBD-related pain, and our findings support the potential of guided breathing VR as a non-pharmacological adjunct in cancer pain management. Trial Registration Clinical Research Information Service ( http://cris.nih.go.kr , KCT0006775).
Indexed as
Identifiers
41886105What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.