Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41887646›Full record

ArticleBMJ open2026

Effectiveness of community-based public health strategies to reduce antimicrobial resistance in community settings in sub-Saharan Africa: a protocol of a systematic review.

Stanley Chinedu Eneh, Francisca Ogochukwu Onukansi, Ugonma Winnie Dozie

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMJ open, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Stanley Chinedu EnehInterdisciplinary Health Sciences, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas, USA Stanleyeneh234@gmail.com onukansifrancisca@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1643-5995
Francisca Ogochukwu OnukansiYouth in Research in Hub (YiRH), Enugu, Nigeria Stanleyeneh234@gmail.com onukansifrancisca@gmail.com.
Ugonma Winnie DozieDepartment of Public Health, Federal University of Technology Owerri, Owerri, Nigeria.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAntimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a critical public health challenge in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), driven by unregulated antibiotic access, self-medication and weak health systems. Community-based interventions, including education, awareness campaigns, stewardship programmes and regulatory measures, are increasingly used to address inappropriate antibiotic use, yet evidence of their effectiveness in SSA remains fragmented. This systematic review aims to identify and synthesise studies conducted between 2015 and 2025 that evaluate public health interventions in SSA community settings aimed at reducing antibiotic misuse or AMR. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: Following preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses protocols (PRISMA-P) guidelines, eligibility criteria will be structured using the patient, intervention, comparison and outcome framework. Searches will be conducted in PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science and Google Scholar. Studies published in English between 2015 and 2025 will be eligible. Two reviewers will independently conduct screening, data extraction and risk-of-bias (RoB) assessment (using Cochrane RoB V.2.0, ROBINS-I or Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) tools). ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: This systematic review will synthesise evidence from previously published studies and therefore does not require formal ethical approval. The review will be conducted and reported in accordance with the methodological guidance of the JBI and the PRISMA 2020 statement for systematic reviews. The findings will be disseminated through publication in a peer-reviewed journal and presentation at national and international conferences focusing on AMR and community-based health approaches. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD420251160424.

Indexed as

Anti-Bacterial AgentsAntimicrobial StewardshipCommunity Health ServicesDrug Resistance, MicrobialPublic HealthAfrica South of the SaharaHumansResearch DesignSystematic Reviews as TopicAnti-Bacterial AgentsAntibioticsCommunity-Based Participatory ResearchCommunity ParticipationPUBLIC HEALTH

Identifiers

PMID41887646
PMCPMC13034230

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.