Evidence mapPaperPMID 41888767Full record

ArticleCardiovascular diabetology2026

Circulating amino acids and Type 2 diabetes in a Latin American population-based cohort.

Laura Huidobro, Sebastián Cofre, José L Santos, Franco Godoy, Fabio Paredes, Claudia Bambs, Sandra Cortés, John Connolly, Hui-Qi Qu, Hakon Hakonarson and 1 more

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Article in Cardiovascular diabetology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

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2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Laura HuidobroDepartment of Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile. ahuidobro@ucm.cl.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6179-6688
Sebastián CofreFaculty of Health Sciences, School of Nutrition and Dietetics, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4899-7941
José L Santos *Institute for Sustainability and IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain.
Franco Godoy *Faculty of Medicine, School of Public Health, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
Fabio ParedesFaculty of Mathematics, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
Claudia BambsFaculty of Medicine, School of Public Health, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7043-6833
Sandra CortésFaculty of Medicine, School of Public Health, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
John ConnollyThe Center for Applied Genomics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4396-1226
Hui-Qi QuThe Center for Applied Genomics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9317-4488
Hakon HakonarsonThe Center for Applied Genomics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2814-7461
Catterina FerreccioFaculty of Medicine, School of Public Health, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6331-5534

Funding

Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo 1523A0008
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND

aimsMetabolomics enables the identification of circulating biomarkers for Type 2 diabetes (T2D). Most studies of circulating amino acids and T2D are from European and Asian, few from Latin America. We aimed to evaluate plasma amino acids and risk of T2D in an agricultural population from Molina County, Central Chile.

methodsMAUCO is a population-based prospective cohort of 9462 participants aged 38 to 74 years at enrollment in 2014. From 2000 participants (47% women) selected for metabolomic analysis 1738 had enough serum sample for this study. We quantified circulating branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs), as well as phenylalanine, tyrosine, alanine, glutamine, glycine, and histidine using nuclear magnetic resonance, while T2D was diagnosed according to the American Diabetes Association guidelines at enrollment and follow-up. We analyzed the association of the circulating amino acids on T2D prevalence and incidence, using multiple logistic and Cox regression models adjusted by sex, age, education, body mass index, smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity, and Mediterranean diet score.

resultsIn the cross-sectional analysis, plasma BCAAs (aOR 2.1; 95% CI 1.80-2.50), and plasma alanine (aOR 1.57; 95% CI 1.37-1.80) were associated with T2D, while histidine, glycine, and glutamine were inversely associated with T2D risk (aOR 0.80; 95% CI 0.69-0.91; 0.68; 95% CI 0.57-0.80, and 0.64; 95% CI 0.56-0.74, respectively). After a median follow-up of 4.3 years, we diagnosed 127 (10.5% incidence) new T2D cases. Prevalence and incidence analysis yielded a similar pattern, but only high isoleucine reached statistical significance in the incidence of T2D (aHR 1.31; 95% CI 1.10-1.56).

conclusionElevated plasma BCAA concentrations in Chilean adults were significantly associated with the prevalence of T2D, while only high isoleucine was associated with the incidence of T2D. These findings could inform risk stratification by specific metabolic mechanisms and guide future research on targeted interventions.

Indexed as

Amino AcidsAmino Acids, Branched-ChainDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2AdultAgedBiomarkersChileCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansIncidenceMaleMetabolomicsMiddle AgedPrevalenceProspective StudiesAmino AcidsAmino Acids, Branched-ChainBiomarkersBranched-chain amino acidsMetabolomicsType 2 diabetes

Identifiers

PMID41888767
PMCPMC13054996

What Socratic holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.