Evidence mapPaperPMID 41890764Full record

ArticleFrontiers in immunology2026

Melatonin alleviates airway inflammation and anxiety-depression in asthma via gut microbiota-SCFA axis-mediated inhibition of microglial activation.

Jiahao Lai, Yue Wang, Liwan Zeng, Qinglin Deng, Youping Qiao, Jinyu Liao, Chaoqun Sun, Yan Geng, Huazhuo Wu, Dan Huang and 2 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Butyrate Is Associated with the Antidepressant Effects ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Jiahao Lai *Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China.
Yue Wang *Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China.
Liwan Zeng *Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China.
Qinglin DengDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China.
Youping QiaoDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China.
Jinyu LiaoDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China.
Chaoqun SunDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China.
Yan GengDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China.
Huazhuo WuDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China.
Dan HuangDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China.
Xuanna ZhaoDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China.
Dong WuDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Asthma frequently co-occurs with anxiety and depression, yet the mechanisms underlying this lung-brain comorbidity remain elusive. The gut-lung-brain axis has emerged as a potential key mediator. Methods: Using an ovalbumin (OVA)-induced murine asthma model, we administered melatonin or sodium butyrate via drinking water. We assessed airway inflammation, lung function, anxiety- and depression-like behaviors, gut microbiota composition, short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) levels, and the MAPK/P65/NLRP3 signaling pathway in the hippocampus and BV2 microglial cells. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) and antibiotic depletion experiments were conducted to establish causality. Results: Both melatonin and sodium butyrate significantly alleviated airway inflammation, improved lung function, and ameliorated anxiety- and depression-like behaviors in asthmatic mice. Melatonin increased gut-derived butyrate levels and restored gut microbiota balance. FMT from melatonin-treated donors replicated the therapeutic benefits, whereas antibiotic-mediated microbiota depletion abrogated the effects of melatonin. Mechanistically, both treatments inhibited the activation of the MAPK/P65/NLRP3 pathway in hippocampal microglia and LPS-stimulated BV2 cells. Conclusion: Our findings demonstrate that melatonin mitigates asthma-related airway inflammation and neuropsychiatric comorbidity by modulating the gut microbiota-SCFA axis and suppressing microglial activation via the MAPK/P65/NLRP3 pathway. This study highlights a novel systemic mechanism and potential therapeutic strategy for asthma and its comorbidities.

Indexed as

AnxietyAsthmaDepressionFatty Acids, VolatileGastrointestinal MicrobiomeMelatoninMicrogliaAnimalsDisease Models, AnimalFecal Microbiota TransplantationMiceSignal TransductionFatty Acids, VolatileMelatoninanxiety-depression comorbidityasthmagut microbiotamelatoninshort-chain fatty acids

Identifiers

PMID41890764
PMCPMC13013491

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.