Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41892472›Full record

ReviewAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland)2026

Antimicrobial Resistance Along the Food Chain: Spread and Integrated Strategies for Mitigation and Control.

Anna Maria Spagnolo, Francesco Palma, Giulia Amagliani, Michele Fernando Panunzio, Maria Teresa Montagna, Elena Alonzo, Guglielmo Bonaccorsi, Giulia Cairella, Emilia Guberti, Giuditta Fiorella Schiavano and 1 more

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Anna Maria SpagnoloDepartment of Health Sciences, University of Genova, Via Pastore 1, 16132 Genova, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-6559-3626
Francesco PalmaDepartment of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029 Urbino, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-9952-4805
Giulia AmaglianiDepartment of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029 Urbino, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-0547-5107
Michele Fernando PanunzioDepartment of Prevention, Food Hygiene and Nutrition Service, ASL Foggia, 71121 Foggia, Italy.
Maria Teresa MontagnaInterdisciplinary Department of Medicine, Hygiene Section, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-2958-5458
Elena AlonzoServizio Igiene degli Alimenti e Nutrizione (SIAN), Azienda Sanitaria Provinciale, 95100 Catania, Italy.
Guglielmo BonaccorsiDepartment of Health Science, University of Florence, Viale GB Morgagni 48, 50134 Florence, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-5171-4308
Giulia CairellaDepartment of Prevention, Unit Local Health Roma 2, 00159 Rome, Italy.
Emilia GubertiSocietà Italiana Igiene, Medicina Preventiva e Sanità Pubblica, 00144 Rome, Italy.
Giuditta Fiorella SchiavanoDepartment of Humanities, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029 Urbino, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-1427-3486
Study Group on Food and Nutrition of the Italian Society of Hygiene (SItI)

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The development of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and the emergence of multiresistant pathogens represent a growing global threat to both human and animal health. Beyond the excessive and improper use of antimicrobials in human medicine, irrational use in veterinary medicine, agriculture, and aquaculture significantly contributes to the selection and spread of resistant microorganisms, which can enter the food chain and reach humans through food consumption or handling. Based on results from a recent meta-analysis, the prevalence of antimicrobial-resistant foodborne pathogens in food samples exceeds 10%. The veterinary sector is of particular concern, as a large proportion of antimicrobials are used in animal production, generating strong selective pressure and favoring the dissemination of AMR along the food chain. In an increasingly interconnected global context, resistant pathogens and resistance determinants can disseminate rapidly across sectors and national borders, making strategies confined to a single sector insufficient; therefore, effectively addressing AMR requires a One Health approach encompassing the human, veterinary, and environmental domains. Key mitigation strategies include strengthening antimicrobial stewardship programs, also in animal production, reducing routine prophylactic use of antimicrobials, and improving surveillance, coordinated across sectors and, where possible, further supported by advanced technologies such as artificial intelligence and machine learning. Further efforts are also needed to improve microbiological diagnostics, particularly through rapid and molecular methods, to support timely, targeted therapies and reduce inappropriate empirical treatments. In parallel, investment in new therapeutic options, including innovative molecules, drug combinations, and alternative approaches, remains crucial to effectively countering the growing burden of antimicrobial resistance.

Indexed as

antimicrobial resistanceantimicrobial stewardshipfoodOne Healthsurveillance

Identifiers

PMID41892472
PMCPMC13023868

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.