Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41892656›Full record

ArticleBrain sciences2026

Amotivation and Academic Engagement in Western Romanian University Students: A Conditional Self-Regulation Model with Forethought and Self-Reflection Under Perceived Performance Control.

Alina Roman, Horațiu Catalano, Karla Barth, Cristina Florescu, Mariana Tipei-Voia, Dana Rad, Olga Chiș, Edgar Demeter, Regis Roman, Raluca Șandru and 1 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Brain sciences, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Alina RomanFaculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Babeş-Bolyai University of Cluj-Napoca, 400029 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
Horațiu CatalanoFaculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Babeş-Bolyai University of Cluj-Napoca, 400029 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.ORCID 0000-0003-0573-3038
Karla BarthFaculty of Socio-Humanistic Sciences, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania.
Cristina FlorescuFaculty of Socio-Humanistic Sciences, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania.
Mariana Tipei-VoiaFaculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Babeş-Bolyai University of Cluj-Napoca, 400029 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
Dana RadCentre of Research Development and Innovation in Psychology, Faculty of Educational Sciences, Aurel Vlaicu University of Arad, 310032 Arad, Romania.ORCID 0000-0001-6754-3585
Olga ChișFaculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Babeş-Bolyai University of Cluj-Napoca, 400029 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.ORCID 0009-0003-0185-7022
Edgar DemeterCentre of Research Development and Innovation in Psychology, Faculty of Educational Sciences, Aurel Vlaicu University of Arad, 310032 Arad, Romania.ORCID 0000-0001-8552-9453
Regis RomanFaculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Aurel Vlaicu University of Arad, 310032 Arad, Romania.
Raluca ȘandruBusiness Faculty, Babeş-Bolyai University of Cluj-Napoca, 400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
Irina Mihaela TrifanPharmacy, Science, and Technology of Târgu Mureș, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, 540142 Târgu Mureș, Romania.ORCID 0000-0002-8713-5375

Funding

Babeș-Bolyai University Research fund of the Doctoral School of Education, Reflection, and Development
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND/

objectivesAcademic engagement plays a central role in students' learning outcomes and persistence in higher education. However, the mechanisms through which amotivation influences engagement remain insufficiently understood, particularly within conditional self-regulation frameworks. The present study examined a conditional self-regulation model in which amotivation predicts academic engagement through forethought and self-reflection under different levels of perceived performance control.

methodsData were collected from 530 university students from Western Romania. A moderated parallel mediation model (PROCESS Model 59) was estimated to test whether forethought and self-reflection mediate the relationship between amotivation and academic engagement and whether perceived performance control moderates these pathways.

resultsThe results indicated that amotivation maintained a robust direct association with academic engagement across levels of performance control. Perceived performance control moderated the amotivation-forethought pathway, while self-reflection showed conditional indirect effects depending on control levels.

conclusionsThese findings suggest that motivational deficits operate within a context-sensitive regulatory architecture in which control beliefs shape the activation of self-regulatory processes. The results contribute to understanding academic adaptation under motivational constraints and highlight the role of perceived performance control in students' self-regulation systems.

Indexed as

academic adaptationacademic engagementamotivationconditional effectsperceived performance controlself-regulationuniversity students

Identifiers

PMID41892656
PMCPMC13024555

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.