Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41897299›Full record

ArticleBiomolecules2026

Electrospun PLA/PVP K90 Biphasic-Release Sublingual Film for Motion Sickness Treatment.

Wenwen Zhang, Qilin Wang, Wei Yi, Hongxi Wang, Deng-Guang Yu, Tao Yi

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Biomolecules, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Wenwen ZhangSchool of Materials and Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China.
Qilin WangSchool of Materials and Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China.
Wei YiFORYOU Mechatronics (Shanghai) Ltd., Shanghai 201114, China.
Hongxi WangFORYOU Mechatronics (Shanghai) Ltd., Shanghai 201114, China.
Deng-Guang YuSchool of Materials and Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China.ORCID 0000-0001-7825-4498
Tao YiFaculty of Health Sciences and Sports, Macao Polytechnic University, Macau 999078, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

To overcome the limitations of traditional motion sickness medications-slow onset of action, short duration of efficacy, and poor patient compliance-this study employed coaxial electrospinning technology. Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and polyvinylpyrrolidone K90 (PVP K90) were used as composite carrier materials. The sheath layer is composed of highly hydrophilic PVP K90, loaded with the antihistamine diphenhydramine (DPH). The core layer, composed of biodegradable PLA with excellent sustained-release properties, carries the anticholinergic drug scopolamine hydrobromide (SH). This core-sheath nanostructured nanofiber sublingual film delivers dual anti-motion sickness drugs. A series of characterization tests revealed that the sublingual membrane exhibits a linear morphology with a distinct core-shell nanostructure. The drugs DPH and SH are distributed in an amorphous state within the sheath and core layers, respectively. Wetting performance tests indicate that the membrane's wettability falls between those of monofilament membranes. In vitro drug release experiments revealed that DPH exhibited a "rapid onset + sustained release" biphasic profile, with cumulative release reaching 60% within 2 h and approaching complete release by 10 h, primarily via Fickian diffusion (

Indexed as

Motion SicknessNanofibersPolyestersPovidoneAdministration, SublingualAnimalsDelayed-Action PreparationsDiphenhydramineMiceScopolamineDelayed-Action PreparationsDiphenhydraminePolyesterspoly(lactide)PovidoneScopolaminebiphasic releasecore–sheath structureelectrospinningmotion sicknesssublingual membrane

Identifiers

PMID41897299
PMCPMC13023739

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.