Evidence mapPaperPMID 41897447Full record

ArticleAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)2026

Kynurenic Acid/GPR35 Signaling Protects the Infarcted Heart by Suppressing Macrophage mtDNA-Triggered cGAS-STING Activation.

Yuyuan Mao, Jiao Jiao, Xinyu Zhu, Wenhu Liu, Shujie He, Nana Li, Haoyi Yang, Jingyong Li, Tingting Tang, Ni Xia and 1 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Yuyuan MaoDepartment of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
Jiao JiaoDepartment of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.ORCID 0009-0006-4845-9023
Xinyu ZhuDepartment of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
Wenhu LiuDepartment of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
Shujie HeDepartment of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
Nana LiDepartment of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
Haoyi YangDepartment of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
Jingyong LiDepartment of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
Tingting TangDepartment of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.ORCID 0000-0001-5667-6737
Ni XiaDepartment of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
Xiang ChengDepartment of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China No. 82030016National Natural Science Foundation of China No. 82230011National Natural Science Foundation of China No. 82270285National Natural Science Foundation of China No. 82300335National Natural Science Foundation of China No. 82450004
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Kynurenic acid (KynA), a tryptophan metabolite that regulates immune homeostasis via G protein-coupled receptor 35 (GPR35), has an undefined role in post-myocardial infarction (MI) immune responses. To clarify this role, we established a murine MI model and administered KynA intraperitoneally to evaluate cardiac function and ventricular remodeling. Macrophage infiltration was assessed, and macrophages were depleted via clodronate liposomes to confirm their contribution to KynA-mediated cardioprotection. In bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs), GPR35-targeted siRNA verified the receptor-dependent action of KynA. KynA improved cardiac function, reduced infarct scarring and fibrosis, and suppressed pro-inflammatory macrophage infiltration in MI mice, with these cardioprotective effects abrogated by macrophage depletion. Mechanistically, KynA inhibited voltage-dependent anion channel 1 oligomerization, prevented mitochondrial DNA leakage, and downregulated the cGAS/STING/TBK1/IκBα/P65 pathway in macrophages, while exogenous mitochondrial DNA counteracted this inhibition. Collectively, the KynA/GPR35 axis exerts cardioprotective effects against MI by attenuating macrophage pro-inflammatory responses, highlighting its potential as a novel therapeutic target.

Indexed as

cGASGPR35kynurenic acidmacrophagemyocardial infarctionSTING

Identifiers

PMID41897447
PMCPMC13024547

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.