Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41898205›Full record

ReviewBiomedicines2026

Prognostic Biomarkers and Precision Psychiatry: A Review of the Available Evidence.

Itziar María Béjar-Botello, Sara Jiménez-Fernández, Gloria Pérez-Guerrero, Blanca Iglesias-Rosado, Luis Gutiérrez-Rojas, Jesús Herrera-Imbroda, Inmaculada Romera

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Biomedicines, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Itziar María Béjar-BotelloUniversidad de Málaga, Andalucía Tech, Departamento de Salud Pública y Psiquiatría, Campus de Teatinos s/n, 29071 Malaga, Spain.
Sara Jiménez-FernándezDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.
Gloria Pérez-GuerreroIBIMA Plataforma Bionand, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga, 29590 Malaga, Spain.
Blanca Iglesias-RosadoUnidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, 29010 Malaga, Spain.
Luis Gutiérrez-RojasDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.ORCID 0000-0003-0082-2189
Jesús Herrera-ImbrodaIBIMA Plataforma Bionand, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga, 29590 Malaga, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-9170-9909
Inmaculada RomeraUniversidad de Málaga, Andalucía Tech, Departamento de Salud Pública y Psiquiatría, Campus de Teatinos s/n, 29071 Malaga, Spain.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Precision psychiatry aims to overcome clinical heterogeneity by means of biomarkers that allow predicting the clinical evolution and therapeutic response in psychiatric disorders. This literature review addresses its prognostic role and its potential integration into healthcare practice. The main objective was to compile and synthesize current evidence on prognostic biomarkers in psychiatry, evaluating their usefulness in anticipating clinical evolution, therapeutic response, and risk of relapse. A strategic search was carried out on PubMed, selecting original studies that evaluated blood, genetic, epigenetic, neuroimaging, or electrophysiological biomarkers with prognostic value. We included 30 final studies that met the established inclusion and exclusion criteria and were evaluated according to standardized scales (RoB 2, NOS, AXIS). Inflammatory biomarkers showed potential as clinical modulators. Metabolomic, neuroendocrine, and neurotrophic factors reflected specific biological profiles associated with response to treatment or risk of relapse. Functional connectivity and brain morphometry were useful in the therapeutic prediction and stratification of patients. Finally, genetics and epigenetics are consolidated as tools of sensitivity and pharmacological response. Taken together, the findings reveal specific prognostic utility based on the type of biomarker and the patient's clinical context. Despite the current methodological limitations and scarce replication of studies, prognostic biomarkers represent a step towards a more personalized psychiatry based on biological mechanisms. The future integration of multimodal models will improve clinical decision-making.

Indexed as

geneticsinflammationneuroimagingprecision psychiatryprognostic biomarkerspsychiatric disordersrelapseresponse to treatmenttherapeutic personalization

Identifiers

PMID41898205
PMCPMC13024387

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.