Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41899343›Full record

ArticleJournal of clinical medicine2026

Racial and Ethnic Differences in Labor Duration and Cesarean Indications Among Low-Risk Nulliparous Term Singleton Vertex Births: A Retrospective Analysis.

Elizabeth Mollard, Huijun Xiao, James Bena, Constance Cottrell, Maeve Hopkins

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of clinical medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Elizabeth MollardCollege of Nursing, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 985330 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5330, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-0221-3459
Huijun XiaoDepartment of Quantitative Health Sciences, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-7536-7526
James BenaDepartment of Quantitative Health Sciences, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-7592-0480
Constance CottrellOffice of Nursing Research and Innovation, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
Maeve HopkinsDivision of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

PubMed holds no abstract for this paper.

Indexed as

labor inductionlabor progressionnulliparous birthprimary cesareanracial disparities

Identifiers

PMID41899343
PMCPMC13026929

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.