Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41901141›Full record

ArticleNutrients2026

Accuracy of AI-Based Nutrient Estimation from Standardized Hospital Meal Images: A Comparison with Registered Dietitians.

Tomomi Isobe, Lim Wan Zhang, Hana Murakami, Miyu Kadono, Megumi Aso, Atsuko Kayashita, Jun Kayashita

Abstract readComparative Study
In one paragraph

Article in Nutrients, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Tomomi IsobeGraduate School of Comprehensive Scientific Research, Prefectural University of Hiroshima, Hiroshima 734-8558, Japan.
Lim Wan ZhangGraduate School of Comprehensive Scientific Research, Prefectural University of Hiroshima, Hiroshima 734-8558, Japan.
Hana MurakamiFaculty of Regional Innovation, Prefectural University of Hiroshima, Hiroshima 734-8558, Japan.
Miyu KadonoFaculty of Regional Innovation, Prefectural University of Hiroshima, Hiroshima 734-8558, Japan.
Megumi AsoGraduate School of Comprehensive Scientific Research, Prefectural University of Hiroshima, Hiroshima 734-8558, Japan.
Atsuko KayashitaFaculty of Health Sciences, Hiroshima Shudo University, Hiroshima 731-3195, Japan.
Jun KayashitaGraduate School of Comprehensive Scientific Research, Prefectural University of Hiroshima, Hiroshima 734-8558, Japan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAccurate dietary assessment is vital for preventing malnutrition in aging populations, particularly in home-care settings. Although Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) for nutrient estimation are evolving, their nutrient-specific accuracy requires rigorous validation.

methodsFifteen standardized hospital meals were photographed under controlled conditions (90-degree angle, 500 lux). Ground truth values were determined by direct weighing. Estimates for energy and macronutrients were performed by 10 registered dietitians (RDs) and 10 AI models (including ChatGPT-4o and Gemini 1.5 Pro). Accuracy was assessed using Pearson's correlation, Mean Absolute Error (MAE), and Bland-Altman analysis to quantify systematic bias.

resultsFor energy and carbohydrates, RDs and top-performing AI models (notably ChatGPT-4o and Gemini 1.5 Pro) demonstrated practical accuracy (r > 0.8, frequently within ±10% range). However, accuracy for protein and lipids was significantly lower across all AI models. Specifically, all AI models exhibited a substantial systematic overestimation of lipids (Mean Bias > +20%,

conclusionsCurrent AI tools show potential for caloric and carbohydrate monitoring but struggle with lipid and protein density. These findings emphasize the need for human-AI collaboration ("human-in-the-loop") and the integration of cooking metadata to improve clinical utility in geriatric nutrition.

Indexed as

Artificial IntelligenceFood Service, HospitalMealsNutrientsNutrition AssessmentNutritionistsDietary CarbohydratesEnergy IntakeHumansIntelligent SystemsNutritive ValueReproducibility of ResultsDietary Carbohydratesartificial intelligencehospital dietsimage-based dietary assessmentnutrient estimation accuracyolder adultsregistered dietitians

Identifiers

PMID41901141
PMCPMC13029357

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.