Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41901167›Full record

ArticleNutrients2026

Cyanidin-3-O-Glucoside Protects Against Cognitive Impairment in D-Galactose-Induced Aging Mice by Regulating Nrf2 and NF-κB Pathways.

Dan Sun, Yishan Bao, Qian Fan, Liang Zhao, Zhifang Fu, Hong Li, Lei Zhao, Hongmei Jiao

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nutrients, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Dan SunDepartment of Geriatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China.ORCID 0009-0003-5602-284X
Yishan BaoKey Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health, Ministry of Education, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China.
Qian FanKey Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health, Ministry of Education, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China.
Liang ZhaoKey Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health, Ministry of Education, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China.ORCID 0000-0003-2542-9279
Zhifang FuDepartment of Geriatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China.
Hong LiDepartment of Geriatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China.
Lei ZhaoKey Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health, Ministry of Education, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China.ORCID 0000-0003-0813-6140
Hongmei JiaoDepartment of Geriatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China.ORCID 0000-0002-9139-9744

Funding

National Center of Technology Innovation for Dairy 2024-KFKT-012, 2025-KFKT-012National High Level Hospital Clinical Research Funding (Interdisciplinary Research Project of Peking University First Hospital) 2024IR40
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND/

objectivesThis study aimed to investigate the protective effects and underlying molecular mechanisms of cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C3G) against cognitive impairment in aging mice induced by D-galactose (D-gal).

methodsSpatial learning and memory, hippocampal histopathology, oxidative stress and inflammatory markers, as well as underlying regulatory pathways, were assessed in C3G-treated D-galactose-induced aging mice via Morris water maze, H&E staining, biochemical assays, qRT-PCR and Western blot.

resultsResults showed C3G improved cognitive function by reducing escape latency and increasing target quadrant time along with platform crossings, while also alleviating hippocampal damage. It dose-dependently enhanced total antioxidant capacity and activities of key antioxidant enzymes (GSH-Px and SOD), reduced malondialdehyde, and inhibited pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6). At the molecular level, C3G treatment was associated with changes in the Nrf2 and NF-κB pathways at mRNA and protein levels. It enhanced Nrf2 expression and reduced Keap1 expression, accompanied by upregulated mRNA levels of

conclusionsC3G alleviates cognitive dysfunction and brain damage in D-gal-induced aging mice, with effects associated with modulation of Nrf2 and NF-κB pathways. These findings offer preliminary insights for its dietary application in brain aging intervention.

Indexed as

AgingAnthocyaninsCognitive DysfunctionGalactoseGlucosidesNeuroprotective AgentsNF-E2-Related Factor 2NF-kappa BAnimalsAntioxidantsHippocampusMaleMaze LearningMiceOxidative StressSignal TransductionAnthocyaninsAntioxidantscyanidin-3-O-beta-glucopyranosideGalactoseGlucosidesNeuroprotective AgentsNfe2l2 protein, mouseNF-E2-Related Factor 2NF-kappa Bagingcognitive impairmentcyanidin-3-O-glucosideinflammationNF-κBNrf2/Keap1oxidative stress

Identifiers

PMID41901167
PMCPMC13028825

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.