Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41901775›Full record

ArticlePathogens (Basel, Switzerland)2026

Assessment of the Microbiological Quality of Raw Milk Sold Through Vending Machines at the Farm Level in Switzerland.

Thomas Paravicini, Marc J A Stevens, Karen Barmettler, Nicole Cernela, Roger Stephan

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Thomas ParaviciniInstitute for Food Safety and Hygiene, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland.
Marc J A StevensInstitute for Food Safety and Hygiene, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland.
Karen BarmettlerInstitute for Food Safety and Hygiene, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland.ORCID 0009-0009-2289-9364
Nicole CernelaInstitute for Food Safety and Hygiene, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland.
Roger StephanInstitute for Food Safety and Hygiene, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0003-1002-4762

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The sale of raw milk via vending machines represents a well-established distribution model in many European countries, including Switzerland. As part of this study, data on the microbiological quality of raw milk sold via vending machines in Switzerland were collected. A total of 124 raw milk samples from 124 raw milk vending machines across Switzerland were analysed. In addition to standard hygiene parameters (TVC and

Indexed as

BacteriaFood Dispensers, AutomaticFood MicrobiologyMilkAnimalsCattleFarmsFood ContaminationHumansSwitzerlandCampylobacter spp.ESBLfoodborne pathogensfood safetyL. monocytogenesMRSAraw milkS. aureusSTECY. enterocolitica

Identifiers

PMID41901775
PMCPMC13029544

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.