Evidence mapPaperPMID 41901793Full record

ArticlePathogens (Basel, Switzerland)2026

Diseases Caused by Parasites with Invertebrate Hosts in China: Burden and Trends of Leishmaniasis and Schistosomiasis.

Cun-Chen Wang, Shu-Jing Wang, Rui Han, Gui-Zhi Xu, Hai-Ting Zhang, Xin-Xue Zhu, Qi-Long Wu, Yi-Xue Zhao, Yu-Jie Zhou, Zhen-Zhong Feng and 2 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Cun-Chen WangDepartment of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China.
Shu-Jing WangDepartment of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China.
Rui HanDepartment of Pathogen Biology, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, The Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonoses of High Institutions in Anhui, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China.
Gui-Zhi XuDepartment of Pathogen Biology, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, The Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonoses of High Institutions in Anhui, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China.
Hai-Ting ZhangDepartment of Pathogen Biology, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, The Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonoses of High Institutions in Anhui, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China.
Xin-Xue ZhuClinical College of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230031, China.
Qi-Long WuDepartment of Pathogen Biology, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, The Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonoses of High Institutions in Anhui, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China.
Yi-Xue ZhaoDepartment of Pathogen Biology, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, The Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonoses of High Institutions in Anhui, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China.
Yu-Jie ZhouDepartment of Pathogen Biology, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, The Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonoses of High Institutions in Anhui, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China.
Zhen-Zhong FengDepartment of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China.
Miao LiuDepartment of Pathogen Biology, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, The Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonoses of High Institutions in Anhui, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China.
Sheng-Qun DengDepartment of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China.

Funding

National Undergraduate Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program 202413618001Provincial Undergraduate Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program 2313270007Scientific Research Project of Anhui Provincial Department of Education 2025AHGXZK30103
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Parasitic diseases involving invertebrate hosts, notably leishmaniasis (transmitted by sandflies) and schistosomiasis (transmitted via aquatic snails), remain public health concerns in China. Based on the Global Burden of Disease 2021 data, the age-standardized prevalence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALY) rates for both diseases declined significantly from 1990 to 2021. Men consistently experienced a higher burden than women. The age distribution of disease burden differed between the two conditions. Projections to 2036 suggest a continued decrease in schistosomiasis burden and in leishmaniasis mortality and DALYs, but a potential slight rise in leishmaniasis prevalence. Sustained control efforts have been effective, yet challenges persist due to demographic disparities, climate-related invertebrate host/intermediate host expansion, and imported cases. Future strategies require enhanced surveillance, targeted interventions, and multi-sectoral collaboration to advance toward elimination.

Indexed as

LeishmaniasisSchistosomiasisAnimalsChinaDisability-Adjusted Life YearsFemaleHumansMalePrevalenceChinadisease burdenGBD2021leishmaniasisschistosomiasis

Identifiers

PMID41901793
PMCPMC13028703

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.