ArticleBMC nephrology2026
Association of serums HIF-1α and HIF-2α with the levels and severity of renal fibrosis: a retrospective cohort study.
Article in BMC nephrology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
objectivesRenal fibrosis is a key pathological feature in the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Hypoxia is one of the critical factors and plays a role in the development of renal fibrosis. We aim to investigate the relationship between hypoxia-induced factors (HIF-1α and HIF-2α) and the levels and severity of renal fibrosis, and changes in their levels in the CKD population.
methodWe conducted a single-center, retrospective cohort study, that included (n = 204) CKD participants. Participants who were complicated with renal fibrosis were assigned according to the degree of the disease to mild group (n = 61), moderate group (n = 47), and severe group (n = 26). Additionally, (n = 70) healthy participants with normal kidney function were enrolled in the control group. Data and laboratory findings were collected between October 2023 and February 2024.
resultsHIF-1α expression levels increased significantly with the progression of renal fibrosis, the severe group exhibited significantly higher HIF-1α levels compared to the mild group (P < 0.001), moderate group (P < 0.05), and control group (P < 0.001), showing a mild positive correlation coefficient (R = 0.271, 95%CI [0.45–0.49], P < 0.001). HIF-2α, expression levels in the severe group were significantly elevated versus the mild group (P < 0.01), moderate group (P < 0.01), and normal controls (P < 0.001), indicating more pronounced changes during mid-to-late stage fibrosis with a stronger positive correlation coefficient (R = 0.970, 95%CI [0.35–0.38], P < 0.001).
conclusionOur findings offer clinical insights into the molecular mechanisms of HIF in renal fibrosis and offer evidence for determining the optimal timing of HIF-related pathways.that to be evaluated for their potential to influence progression in prospective studies.
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