ArticleCancer medicine2026
Nationwide Incidence, Treatment Pattern, and Prognosis of Primary CNS Lymphoma in Taiwan, 2012-2020: A Retrospective Cohort Study.
Article in Cancer medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Advances in molecular pathobiology of PCNSL - towards clinical implementation of novel diagnostics and therapeutics.Biomarker research · 2026Review
- Nationwide Incidence, Treatment Pattern, and Prognosis of Primary CNS Lymphoma in Taiwan, 2012-2020: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Cancer medicine · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPrimary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is a rare but devastating form of non-Hodgkin lymphoma with persistently poor outcomes despite treatment advances. This nationwide population-based study evaluated real-world epidemiology, treatment patterns, and survival outcomes in Asian PCNSL patients.
methodsPatients with newly diagnosed PCNSL (2012-2020) were identified from the Taiwan Cancer Registry Database and linked with the National Health Insurance Research Database. Incidence, treatment patterns, survival outcomes, healthcare costs, and adverse events were analyzed for identified PCNSL patients. Specifically, median survival times (MSTs), with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method.
resultsAmong 820 PCNSL patients (median age 65 [IQR 56-74] years; 53.5% male; 94.4% DLBCL subtype), age-standardized incidence was 0.39 per 100,000 person-years (2012-2020) with male predominance (0.44 vs. 0.34) and elderly burden (1.62 in ≥ 75 years vs. 0.28 in < 65 years). Despite 89.5% receiving induction therapy within median 24 days, outcomes remained poor: median survival 1.85 (95% CI 1.53-2.27) years, with 1-, 2-, and 3-year survival rates of 61.5%, 48.3%, and 40.2%, respectively. All-cause survival deteriorated markedly with age-median survival of 5.71, 3.29, 2.32, 0.97, and 0.69 years for ages < 50, 50-59, 60-69, 70-79, and ≥ 80 years, respectively. MTX-based chemotherapy with rituximab adoption increased (22.2% to 55.3%), achieving superior survival (3.44 years) versus WBRT alone (1.24 years). However, 46.2% developed relapsed/refractory disease at median 156 (89-339) days. Consolidation therapy was administered in 52.5% at median 53 days post-induction. Infection (87.9%), nausea/vomiting (81.1%), and neutropenia (54.4%) dominated adverse events, with first-year costs averaging $35,472 (SD $20,816) USD.
conclusionPCNSL demonstrates persistently poor prognosis, with elderly patients experiencing disproportionately worse outcomes. High relapse rates, substantial treatment-related adverse events, and considerable healthcare burden underscore the urgent need for novel therapeutic approaches.
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