ReviewMultiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England)2026
A framework for blood biomarker discovery in MS.
Review in Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) biomarkers hold potential for improving pathophysiological understanding, diagnostics, prognostication, and treatment personalisation. Technological advances now permit detection of blood biomarkers at previously prohibitively low concentrations. Concentrations of several candidate biomarkers have been shown to correlate between blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). The development of '-omics' panel-based technologies now facilitates the discovery of collections of molecules, the interdependency of which may better reflect disease heterogeneity. Neurofilament light (NfL) is the clearest example of the success of a biomarker entering the realm of clinical practice in MS, with promising developments in others such as glial fibrillary acid protein (GFAP). However, integration of new biomarkers requires standardisation of discovery and validation across the various available technologies, along with demonstration of clinical utility, to gain regulatory approval and widespread adoption. In this review, focused on blood-based biomarkers, we expand on the above discoveries, developments and trajectories, to provide a framework for understanding this crucial body of work.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.