ArticleHealth affairs scholar2026
From calls to action: leveraging the 2-1-1 system to intervene on food insecurity.
Article in Health affairs scholar, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Introduction: The 2-1-1 system is a nationwide social service provider that connects callers with unmet needs to appropriate community resources. Every year, over two million Americans experiencing food insecurity (FI) seek help from 2-1-1. Yet, little is known about the FI experiences among 2-1-1 callers seeking food-related support, specifically, who they are, the circumstances that lead them to contact 2-1-1, and the strategies they believe could help reduce FI. Methods: To address this gap, we interviewed 30 food-related callers (20 in English and 10 in Spanish) to the Utah 2-1-1 system between November 2024 and January 2025. Results: Thematic analysis revealed three primary reasons for seeking food-related help from 2-1-1: (1) ineligibility for federal nutrition and financial assistance programs; (2) facing non-income-related barriers to accessing food; and (3) experiencing unexpected life events. Callers suggested strengthening and adapting federal nutrition assistance programs, improving emergency food provision systems, and enhancing informational support. Conclusion: Based on these insights, we provide suggestions on how to leverage the 2-1-1 system to intervene on FI.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.