ArticleArchives of plastic surgery2026
Exploring the Etiologies of Acquired Unilateral Proptosis: A Literature Review with Case Presentations.
Article in Archives of plastic surgery, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Authors and funding
1 author.
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Abstract
Acquired unilateral proptosis is a clinically significant condition with diverse etiologies, including trauma, inflammation or infection, tumors, and hemodynamic complications. This study aimed to improve recognition by integrating a literature review with illustrative case reports. Four representative cases were described, covering orbital infection, traumatic hematoma, carotid-cavernous fistula, and metastatic tumor. A focused literature review of publications from 2020 to 2024 was conducted, identifying 338 relevant studies, of which 171 met the inclusion criteria. Among the 171 eligible studies analyzed, tumors were the most frequent cause (93/171, 54.4%), followed by hemodynamic disorders (24/171, 14.0%), thyroid-related ophthalmopathy (13/171, 7.6%), infection, and inflammation. In tumors, metastatic tumor (
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.