Evidence mapPaperPMID 41908533Full record

ArticleFrontiers in pediatrics2026

Pediatric oral antihypertensive agents: analysis of prescription patterns and patient characteristics in a real-world study.

Haixin Cheng, Ying Cui, Ziyin Ma, Siyuan Wang, Xuli Zhong, Jianmin Zhang

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in pediatrics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Haixin ChengDepartment of Pharmacy, Capital Center for Children's Health, Capital Medical University, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China.
Ying CuiDepartment of Pharmacy, Capital Center for Children's Health, Capital Medical University, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China.
Ziyin MaDepartment of Science and Technology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Siyuan WangB.E. Candidate in Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States.
Xuli ZhongDepartment of Pharmacy, Capital Center for Children's Health, Capital Medical University, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China.
Jianmin ZhangDepartment of Pharmacy, Capital Center for Children's Health, Capital Medical University, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess prescribing intensity and rational dosing of antihypertensives in children using Defined Daily Dose (DDD) and Drug Utilization Index (DUI). Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional analysis was conducted on all antihypertensive prescriptions dispensed at a tertiary children's hospital from May 2023 to April 2024, excluding those with incomplete data or on fixed-dose combinations. Prescription medicine use is basically reasonable when DUI is close to 1 (0.9-1.1), a DUI >1.1 suggests that the actual daily dose exceeds DDD, while a DUI <0.9 indicates underdosing. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 23.0 with significance at Results: A total of 1,562 prescriptions for 422 children (12-18 years; 76.30% male) were analysed; prevalence peaked at 13 years. Among over-12-year-olds, DUI <0.9 for β-blockers, spironolactone and nifedipine; DUI ≈ 1 for furosemide, captopril and losartan; DUI >1.1 for hydrochlorothiazide, amlodipine, ramipril and fosinopril. Amlodipine comprised 42.8% of total DDDs, followed by fosinopril (25.6%) and ramipril (20.0%). Males showed borderline higher DUI values. Conclusions: Hypertension was most prevalent among 13- to 14-year-old, who also exhibited the highest antihypertensive exposure and drug-use intensity relative to girls. Once-daily formulations accounted for the majority of prescriptions. Pediatric oral hypertension dosing remains inconsistent in clinical practice. These findings support sex-specific management and guideline updates to improve blood pressure control in high-risk adolescents.

Indexed as

antihypertensive medicineschildrendrug utilizationhypertensionprescription

Identifiers

PMID41908533
PMCPMC13021652

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.