ArticleInternational journal of pharmaceutics2026
Addressing printability of poorly flowable drug by wet granulation: understanding interplays of formulation and process variables on critical quality attributes of sulfadiazine printlets.
Article in International journal of pharmaceutics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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11 authors.
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Abstract
The aim of this study was to improve the printability of poorly flowable sulfadiazine (SFZ) using selective laser sintering (SLS) 3D printing. To enhance flowability, the drug was converted into granules via wet granulation using a sugar solution. A fractional factorial screening design was employed to evaluate the influence of formulation and process variables including surface temperature, chamber temperature, laser scanning speed (LSS), and Kollidon® VA64 concentration on printlet quality attributes. Among the investigated factors, surface temperature and LSS significantly influenced printlet characteristics. Printlet hardness ranged from 1.9 ± 0.5 to 9.1 ± 1.9 N, while disintegration time varied between 2.7 ± 0.5 and 12.7 ± 1.4 s. The drug dissolve ranged from 69.1 ± 4.2% to 80.6 ± 1.2%. Hyperspectral imaging confirmed homogeneous distribution of drug and excipients within the printed matrix. Powder X-ray diffraction analysis demonstrated significant amorphization (p < 0.05) of the drug in both the printlets and the powder exposed to the printing process. Pharmacokinetic evaluation revealed that the printlets were bioequivalent to compressed tablets, as key parameters (T
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