ArticlePharmacoEconomics - open2026
Prevalence and Healthcare Costs of Metabolic Disorders Among Individuals with Schizophrenia Following Initiation of Oral Antipsychotic Therapy.
Article in PharmacoEconomics - open, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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7 authors.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND/
objectiveMetabolic disorders are prevalent among the schizophrenia population due to relatively poor access to healthcare, lifestyle factors, genetics, and metabolic side effects associated with antipsychotic treatment. This study evaluated the rate, timing, and costs associated with the onset of metabolic disorders among individuals with schizophrenia newly initiating oral antipsychotics (OAPs) from the perspective of United States (US) healthcare payers.
methodsThose eligible for inclusion in this retrospective administrative claims analysis met the following criteria between 1/1/2016 and 9/30/2023: (1) schizophrenia diagnosis, (2) ≥ 12 months of continuous enrollment preceding diagnosis, (3) an absence of OAPs during the 12 months preceding diagnosis, (4) at least two claims for OAPs during the 12 months following diagnosis, and (5) absence of diabetes, obesity, hyperlipidemia, or metabolic syndrome any time preceding initiation of OAPs. During the variable-length post-schizophrenia diagnosis period, onset of metabolic disorders was assessed using Kaplan-Meier analyses. Individuals with metabolic disorders were then matched to non-metabolic disorder controls, and healthcare costs were evaluated during the 12 months following the first evidence of metabolic disorders or proxy index date.
resultsA total of 45,528 individuals with schizophrenia qualified for the study, and 34.7% developed metabolic disorders within 6 years after initiating OAPs. Compared to a matched cohort of individuals without metabolic disorders, individuals with a metabolic disorder incurred significantly greater all-cause annual healthcare costs (mean [standard deviation] in 2023 US dollars, $27,520 [$44,200] vs. $19,044 [$34,352]; p < 0.0001) during the 12-month post-index period.
conclusionThis analysis demonstrated that new onset of a metabolic disorder following OAP initiation was associated with higher healthcare costs from the perspective of US healthcare payers. Reduction of metabolic disorders may be key in reducing the economic burden of schizophrenia.
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