Evidence mapPaperPMID 41913698Full record

Trial reportAnaesthesia2026

Lidocaine combined with low-dose esketamine for movement-evoked pain after hepatectomy: a double-blind randomised controlled trial.

Yan Xu, Li Zhou, Qianqian Tang, Feng Yu, Jingwen Wu, Siyu Yan, Min Cai, Jialu Wan, Yi Kang, Lajing Luowu and 4 more

Abstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
In one paragraph

Trial report in Anaesthesia, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Yan XuDepartment of Anaesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and the Research Units of West China, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China.
Li ZhouDepartment of Anaesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and the Research Units of West China, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China.
Qianqian TangDepartment of Anaesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and the Research Units of West China, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China.
Feng YuDepartment of Anaesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and the Research Units of West China, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China.
Jingwen WuDepartment of Anaesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and the Research Units of West China, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China.
Siyu YanDepartment of Anaesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and the Research Units of West China, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China.
Min CaiDepartment of Anesthesiology, Chengdu Fifth People's Hospital, Chengdu, China.
Jialu WanDepartment of Anesthesiology, Chengdu Fifth People's Hospital, Chengdu, China.
Yi KangDepartment of Anaesthesiology and Translational Neuroscience Centre, Laboratory of Anaesthesia and Critical care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Lajing LuowuDepartment of Anaesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and the Research Units of West China, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China.
Mengmeng ZhouDepartment of Anaesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and the Research Units of West China, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China.
Lulong BoDepartment of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.
Daniel I SesslerCenter for Outcomes Research and Department of Anesthesiology, UTHealth, Houston, TX, USA.
Chunling JiangDepartment of Anaesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and the Research Units of West China, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3625-8359

Funding

Chinese Red Cross Foundation CRCF-YXFN-202201026Sichuan International Medical Exchange & Promotion Association L2023030401Sichuan Province Science and Technology Program 2023ZYD0168
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionPain following hepatectomy may delay recovery and increase opioid use. We tested the primary hypothesis that combining lidocaine and low-dose esketamine would reduce movement-evoked pain 24 h after hepatic resection. We also evaluated whether this approach reduced opioid consumption and improved quality of recovery.

methodsPatients having elective hepatic resections were allocated randomly to receive lidocaine-esketamine or placebo from induction of anaesthesia until the end of surgery. After surgery, patients allocated to lidocaine-esketamine were given a continuous infusion of lidocaine with esketamine for 72 h. All patients received transversus abdominis plane blocks with ropivacaine 2 mg.kg

resultsIn total, 304 patients were included, of whom 145 (48%) had open surgery. Lidocaine-esketamine infusion reduced median (IQR [range]) pain scores with movement at 24 h (3 (2-4 [1-6]) vs. 4 (3-5 [1-9]), p < 0.001); 48 h (3 (2-4 [0-7]) vs. 4 (3-5 [0-8]), p < 0.001); and 72 h (2 (1-3 [0-6]) vs. 3 (2-4 [0-7]), p < 0.001), respectively. Moderate-to-severe movement-evoked pain at 24 h was evident in 52/152 (34%) patients who received lidocaine-esketamine vs. 85/152 (56%) who received placebo (p < 0.001). Cumulative sufentanil equivalents were significantly reduced at each measurement time and quality of recovery scores were significantly higher through the first 72 h for lidocaine-esketamine compared with placebo, but these changes were clinically modest. DISCUSSION: The combination of lidocaine with esketamine reduced movement-evoked pain and opioid consumption whilst improving quality of recovery during the initial 72 h after hepatic resection. However, treatment effects were modest and of limited clinical importance.

Indexed as

Anesthetics, LocalHepatectomyKetamineLidocainePostoperative PainAdultAgedAnalgesia, Patient-ControlledAnalgesics, OpioidDouble-Blind MethodDrug Therapy, CombinationFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedMovementAnalgesics, OpioidAnesthetics, LocalEsketamineKetamineLidocaineSufentanilanaesthesiaanalgesicsesketaminehepatectomylidocaine

Identifiers

PMID41913698
PMCPMC13446845

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.