Evidence mapPaperPMID 41913755Full record

ArticleJournal of multidisciplinary healthcare2026

Effectiveness of BHATIN (Behavior-Tailored Intervention) for Self-Care Management and Clinical Biomarkers Among Patients with Hypertension: A Quasi Experimental Study.

Andi Mayasari Usman, Cecep Eli Kosasih, Iqbal Pramukti, Yulia Sofiatin, Rian Adi Pamungkas

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Article in Journal of multidisciplinary healthcare, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

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0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Andi Mayasari UsmanDepartment of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia.ORCID 0000-0002-3102-7543
Cecep Eli KosasihDepartment of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia.ORCID 0000-0001-7524-3910
Iqbal PramuktiDepartment of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia.ORCID 0000-0002-0645-0534
Yulia SofiatinDepartment of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia.ORCID 0000-0002-1409-6010
Rian Adi PamungkasDepartment of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Esa Unggul, Jakarta, West Jakarta, Indonesia.ORCID 0000-0002-3299-2820

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Sustained self-care is essential for effective hypertension management, particularly dietary salt reduction. In many community-based settings, including primary care areas in Indonesia, hypertension control remains suboptimal due to inadequate self-care practices and persistent high salt consumption, contributing to unfavorable biomarkers such as elevated blood pressure, BMI, and metabolic indicators. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the Behavior-Tailored Intervention (BHATIN) model on knowledge, Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) constructs, self-efficacy, hypertension self-care behaviors, salt preference, and clinical outcomes (blood pressure, BMI, and metabolic biomarkers) among adults with hypertension. Methods: A quasi-experimental pretest-posttest design with a non-equivalent control group was conducted among 90 adults with hypertension (intervention = 45; control = 45). The intervention group received the BHATIN program integrating TPB-based behavioral strategies, mindfulness-informed coaching, skill-based training, and social support, while the control group received standard care. Data were collected using knowledge, TPB-based questionnaires and clinical measurements (salt preference, blood pressure, BMI, and metabolic biomarkers) and analyzed using paired and independent t-tests (p < 0.05). Results: The intervention group showed significant improvements in attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control, intention, self-efficacy, and self-care behaviors (all p < 0.001). Significant reductions were also observed in systolic and diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, random blood glucose, and salt preference (p < 0.05), where the control group showed minimal change. Conclusion: The BHATIN model improves psychosocial determinants, self-care behaviors, salt preference, and selected clinical biomarkers among adults with hypertension, providing a feasible nurse-led strategy for community-based hypertension management.

Indexed as

behavior-tailored interventionhypertension self-caremindfulness-based health coachingsalt preferencetheory of planned behavior

Identifiers

PMID41913755
PMCPMC13033295

What Socratic holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.