Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41913787›Full record

ArticleClinical epidemiology2026

Development and External Validation of Machine Learning Model to Predict Live Birth Following Assisted Reproductive Technology in Women with Ovarian Endometriomas: A Decision-Support Tool.

Yifei Sun, Zijing Wang, Jiayi Zhou, Linlin Cui, Huidan Wang

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Clinical epidemiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Yifei Sun *State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Women, Children and Reproductive Health, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People's Republic of China.
Zijing Wang *State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Women, Children and Reproductive Health, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People's Republic of China.
Jiayi ZhouState Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Women, Children and Reproductive Health, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People's Republic of China.
Linlin CuiState Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Women, Children and Reproductive Health, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People's Republic of China.ORCID 0000-0001-7659-9169
Huidan WangState Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Women, Children and Reproductive Health, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People's Republic of China.ORCID 0009-0001-6573-1045

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Ovarian endometriomas damage the ovarian structure, alter ovarian inflammation, and impair ovarian reserve. Given the conflicting results, determining an optimal reproductive strategy for women with endometriomas-whether expectant management, medication, surgery, or assisted reproductive technology (ART)-remains challenging. Objective: This study aims to preliminarily develop and validate clinically applicable decision-support tools by training, testing, and validating an automated machine learning (ML) model to predict the likelihood of live birth following ART in women with endometriomas. Methods: The derivation and testing cohort included 1705 women, and the external validation cohort included 1475 women with ovarian endometriomas following ART retrospectively. Two ML models were developed and validated to predict the probability of live birth. Model performance was evaluated using the area under the curve (AUC), accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, F1 score, and Brier score. The SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) method was employed to interpret feature importance. Results: Comparing seven ML algorithms, the Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) demonstrated superior predictive performance both in model-1 and model-2, achieving an AUC of 0.90 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.88-0.92] and 0.88 (95% CI: 0.86-0.89) in test-datasets and 0.80 (95% CI: 0.76-0.83) and 0.69 (95% CI: 0.65-0.73) in external validation cohort. The SHAP analysis revealed that the age and features associated with ovarian reserve had strong predictive power and the ovarian endometriomas had limited predictive power. Conclusion: Model-2, which uses only pre-ART variables, can support reproductive strategy selection prior to ART initiation. Conversely, Model-1 is designed to support embryo transfer strategy option after oocyte retrieval, incorporating post-ART data. Although both models show promise as decision-support tools for personalizing infertility treatment in women with endometriomas, their clinical implementation awaits confirmation from prospective, multicenter validation.

Indexed as

assisted reproductive technologylive birthmachine learning modelovarian endometriomasSHAP interpretation

Identifiers

PMID41913787
PMCPMC13033294

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.