The effects of ischemic preconditioning and placebo maneuvers are similar during arm-cranking performance in upper-body trained athletes.

Liam O'Brien, Mackenzie McLaughlin, Jenna Gillen, Ira Jacobs

Abstract readRandomized Controlled Trial

In one paragraph

Trial report in European journal of applied physiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

0citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Liam O'BrienFaculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, 55 Harbord Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 2W6, Canada.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3911-0843

Mackenzie McLaughlinFaculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, 55 Harbord Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 2W6, Canada.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3978-7475

Jenna GillenFaculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, 55 Harbord Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 2W6, Canada.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7974-5395

Ira JacobsFaculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, 55 Harbord Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 2W6, Canada. Ira.jacobs@utoronto.ca.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1629-7737

Funding

Tanenbaum Institute for Science in Sport Tanenbaum Institute for Science in Sport

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeThis study aimed to examine the effects of local ischemic preconditioning (IPC) on 45 s arm-crank Wingate Anaerobic Test (WAnT) performance and accompanying physiological responses in athletes.

methodsEighteen (9 male, 9 female) athletes (22.8 ± 3.5 years) completed a baseline and three experimental trials: control (CON; 30 min rest), IPC (4 ⋅ 5 min bilaterally at limb occlusion pressure), and placebo (PLA; 4 ⋅ 5 min at 40 mm Hg). WAnT performance, oxygen consumption (V̇O2), heartrate (HR), near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), and blood lactate [La–]b responses were assessed.

resultsAbsolute mean power outputs (MPOA; W) were similar between IPC and PLA (p = 0.06) and significantly greater than CON (IPC: 370 ± 105, PLA: 363 ± 102, CON: 349 ± 91 W, p < 0.001). IPC increased relative MPO (MPOR; W·kg–1) compared to PLA and CON (IPC: 4.8 ± 1.0, PLA: 4.7 ± 1.0, CON: 4.6 ± 0.9 W·kg–1, p < 0.001). V̇O2, HR, NIRS, and [La–]b responses during and post-exercise were unaffected by IPC.

conclusionsAcute IPC of the arms elicited trivial differences in performance during 45 s arm-cranking WAnTs in upper-body trained athletes. Under these specific conditions, no changes were detected in the measured physiological responses, which limits insight into potential mechanisms for IPC to enhance performance in arm-dominant exercises.

Indexed as

ArmAthletic PerformanceIschemic PreconditioningMuscle, SkeletalAdultAthletesFemaleHumansLactic AcidMaleOxygen ConsumptionYoung AdultLactic AcidErgogenic aidIPCIschaemic preconditioningRemote ischemic preconditioningRIPC

Identifiers

PMID41915060

DOI10.1007/s00421-026-06197-7

PMCPMC13287263

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata

LicenceCC BY-NC-ND

Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.