Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41915723›Full record

ReviewGlobal spine journal2026

Early Diagnosis of Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy: A Systematic Review of Current Evidence.

Fabrizio Russo, Paolo Brigato, Giuseppe Francesco Papalia, Nicolò Fazzi, Pietro Foglia, Gianluca Vadalà, Rocco Papalia, Vincenzo Denaro

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Global spine journal, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Fabrizio RussoOperative Research Unit of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-8566-8952
Paolo BrigatoOperative Research Unit of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy.
Giuseppe Francesco PapaliaOperative Research Unit of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-4140-738X
Nicolò FazziOperative Research Unit of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy.
Pietro FogliaOperative Research Unit of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy.
Gianluca VadalàOperative Research Unit of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-7142-1660
Rocco PapaliaOperative Research Unit of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy.
Vincenzo DenaroOperative Research Unit of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Study DesignSystematic Review.ObjectivesDegenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM) or cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) is a progressive neurological condition linked to cervical degeneration, often presenting with a wide range of symptoms that complicate diagnosis. This study aims to identify clinical, radiological, and electrophysiological measures that aid in early DCM diagnosis.MethodsFollowing PRISMA guidelines a systematic review was performed. Literature from PubMed, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library up to November 2025 was analyzed. Search terms included "degenerative cervical myelopathy", "cervical spondylotic myelopathy", "CSM", "Early clinical signs", "Diffusion Tensor Imaging", "Fractional anisotropy", "Motor-evoked potentials", "Sensory-evoked potentials". The included studies primarily focused on clinical examinations, radiological imaging, and electrophysiological tests to detect early signs of DCM.ResultsA total of 36 met the inclusion criteria, involving 4596 patients. Tests for "myelopathy hand" signs showed high negative predictive values in excluding DCM. Lower limb assessments, such as the ten-second step test and Rossolimo reflex, also showed promise for early diagnosis. Among imaging techniques, DTI outperformed traditional T2-weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) in sensitivity, specificity, and predictive value. Kinematic CT myelography (CMCT) also demonstrated potential for early detection. Electrophysiological tests, including SEPs and MEPs, provided valuable insights into disease severity when performed both statically and dynamically.ConclusionsDCM's variable profile complicates diagnosis. This review highlights the importance of underused clinical evaluations for earlier detection, with DTI showing promise for early changes and preventive use. Electrophysiological measures, non-invasive and accurate, should be integrated alongside dynamic evaluations for a comprehensive, multi-modal diagnostic approach.

Indexed as

clinical signsdegenerative cervical myelopathyearly diagnosiselectrophysiological measuresradiological techniquessystematic review

Identifiers

PMID41915723
PMCPMC13038496

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.