Evidence mapPaperPMID 41917893Full record

SynthesisBMC endocrine disorders2026

Associations between the triglyceride‒glucose index and the odds of low muscle mass and sarcopenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Ming Xu, Ziang Liu, Jing Zhou, Jianing Lv, Qin An, Yi Zhang, Yunfeng Liu

Abstract readSystematic ReviewMeta-Analysis
In one paragraph

Synthesis in BMC endocrine disorders, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Ming Xu *Department of Endocrinology, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.
Ziang Liu *Department of Pharmacology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.
Jing ZhouDepartment of Endocrinology, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.
Jianing LvDepartment of Endocrinology, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.
Qin AnDepartment of Geriatrics, Changzhi People's Hospital, Changzhi, China.
Yi ZhangDepartment of Pharmacology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China. yizhang313@163.com.
Yunfeng LiuDepartment of Endocrinology, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China. nectarliu@163.com.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundSarcopenia, the age-related loss of muscle mass and function, is a public health concern linked to insulin resistance (IR). The triglyceride‒glucose (TyG) index, a marker of IR, may reflect a decrease in muscle health.

methodsThis meta-analysis, which adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, reviewed studies from electronic databases investigating the association between the TyG index and low muscle mass or sarcopenia. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated via a random effects model.

resultsTwenty cross-sectional studies involving 521,778 participants were included. A higher TyG index was associated with higher odds of low muscle mass (OR = 1.28; 95% CI: 1.10–1.50) and sarcopenia (OR = 1.63; 95% CI: 1.29–2.07). Dose‒response analysis revealed that for every 1-unit increase in the TyG index, the odds of low muscle mass were 1.79 times higher (OR = 1.79; 95% CI: 1.60–2.00).

conclusionThe TyG index is linked to higher odds of low muscle mass and sarcopenia, highlighting its potential as a screening tool. However, due to the cross-sectional design of the included studies, causal relationships cannot be inferred. Longitudinal studies are needed to establish causality. CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER: Not applicable.

Indexed as

BiomarkersBlood GlucoseMuscle, SkeletalSarcopeniaTriglyceridesCross-Sectional StudiesHumansInsulin ResistanceBiomarkersBlood GlucoseTriglyceridesDose–response meta-analysisMeta-analysisMuscle massSarcopeniaTriglyceride–glucose index

Identifiers

PMID41917893
PMCPMC13104471

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.