Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41918270›Full record

ArticleCardiovascular therapeutics2026

Effect of Statin Use on Mortality in Individuals With Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Syndrome: A Retrospective Propensity Score-Matched Cohort Study.

Cheng Yuan, Yuguo Ge, Wenqi Ge, Huaxue Wang, Ximing Deng, Jinmeng Chen, Kaixuan Niu, Jinhui Xiong, Yang Xu, Kun Lu

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Cardiovascular therapeutics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Cheng YuanDepartment of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, China, bbmc.edu.cn.
Yuguo GeDepartment of Critical Care Medicine, Tongling Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Tongling, China.
Wenqi GeObstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, China, bbmc.edu.cn.
Huaxue WangDepartment of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, China, bbmc.edu.cn.
Ximing DengDepartment of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, China, bbmc.edu.cn.
Jinmeng ChenDepartment of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, China, bbmc.edu.cn.
Kaixuan NiuDepartment of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, China, bbmc.edu.cn.
Jinhui XiongDepartment of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, China, bbmc.edu.cn.
Yang XuDepartment of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, China, bbmc.edu.cn.
Kun LuDepartment of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, China, bbmc.edu.cn.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0002-4295-6310

Funding

Anhui Provincial University Scientific Research Project 2022AH051527University Natural Science Research Project of Anhui Province 2024AH051281
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe present study is aimed at investigating the effects of statins on all-cause and cardiovascular mortalities in individuals with cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome (CKMS).

methodsUsing data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999-2018, we identified individuals with CKMS and categorized them into statin-treated and untreated groups based on statin exposure. A propensity score matching (PSM) model was applied to balance baseline characteristics between the two groups. All-cause and cardiovascular mortalities were then assessed.

resultsA total of 19087 individuals with CKMS were enrolled, yielding 4762 matched individuals. Compared with the statin-untreated group, statin therapy was associated with significant mortality benefits in CKMS individuals, demonstrating a 27% reduction in all-cause mortality (HR 0.73, 95% CI 0.65-0.82) and a 26% decrease in cardiovascular mortality (HR 0.74, 95% CI 0.61-0.90). Stratified analyses by CKMS stage showed no significant interaction between disease stage and statin use for either all-cause (p for interaction = 0.81) or cardiovascular mortality (p for interaction = 0.13), although statistically significant inverse associations were primarily observed in individuals with advanced CKMS stages. Analyses by statin type indicated that atorvastatin and simvastatin were associated with reduced risks of both all-cause and cardiovascular mortalities, whereas rosuvastatin was associated with a reduced risk of all-cause mortality only. Exploratory subgroup analyses suggested that the associations were more evident among individuals with intermediate levels of total cholesterol (200-240 mg/dL) and LDL cholesterol (130-160 mg/dL).

conclusionIn this nationally representative cohort, statin use was associated with lower risks of all-cause and cardiovascular mortalities among individuals with CKMS. These findings warrant confirmation in prospective studies with larger sample sizes to further clarify potential heterogeneity across statin type, disease stages, and different lipid profiles.

Indexed as

Cardiovascular DiseasesDyslipidemiasHydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase InhibitorsKidney DiseasesMetabolic SyndromeAdultAgedCause of DeathFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedNutrition SurveysPropensity ScoreProtective FactorsRetrospective StudiesHydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitorsall-cause mortalitycardiovascular–kidney–metabolic syndromecardiovascular mortalitypropensity score matchingstatin

Identifiers

PMID41918270
PMCPMC13140241

What Socratic holds

Texttitle and abstract
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.