Evidence mapPaperPMID 41918780Full record

ArticleJournal of cancer science and clinical therapeutics2025

Role of Galectin-1 in the Pathogenesis of Melanoma.

Grace Kim, Thea Blackwell, Kimiya Banai, Rowen Lin, Justin Chung, Devendra K Agrawal

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of cancer science and clinical therapeutics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Grace KimDepartment of Translational Research, College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California 91766 USA.
Thea BlackwellDepartment of Translational Research, College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California 91766 USA.
Kimiya BanaiDepartment of Translational Research, College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California 91766 USA.
Rowen LinDepartment of Translational Research, College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California 91766 USA.
Justin ChungDepartment of Translational Research, College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California 91766 USA.
Devendra K AgrawalDepartment of Translational Research, College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California 91766 USA.

Funding

Research Education Program to Promote Diversity in Immunologic and Allergic DiseasesR25AI179582 · WESTERN UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH SCIENCES · 2025 to 2025
$379k
NIAID NIH HHS R25 AI179582
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Galectins (Gal) are β-galactoside-binding endogenous lectins involved in a wide variety of angiogenic and immune functions throughout many tissues. Galectin 1 (Gal-1) is an important member of the galectin family, acting as a central regulator in immune cells, tumor immune evasion, metastasis, angiogenesis, and therapy resistance, especially in melanoma. Within the immune system, galectin-1 influences the activation of dendritic cells, natural killer cells, B-cells, and T-cells and their downstream effects, as well as influences myeloid-derived suppressor cells and tumor-associated macrophages. Further, Gal-1 influences cancer biology by promoting and regulating angiogenesis through the VEGFR2/NRP1 glycan binding signaling pathway and regulation of alternative splicing, and metastasis, priming pre-metastatic niches. Within melanoma, Gal-1 has a key role in therapy resistance, resisting MAPK inhibitors and chemotherapy, and cancer progression, including promoting immune evasion, SOX10-linked plasticity, and VEGF-independent angiogenesis. Therapeutic strategies have been developed to target the role of Galectin-1, including small-molecule and mAb Gal-1 inhibitors and positron emission tomography imaging for noninvasive profiling of tumor microenvironment. Despite its therapeutic potential, its vast role within different organ systems, including providing cardioprotective effects, immune system regulation, stress regulation, and axonal growth and regeneration, limits Gal-1 targeted therapies. Thus, further research is warranted to determine strategies to isolate therapeutic agents within the cancer cells. As Galectin-1 plays a role in the prognosis and treatment of melanoma, we critically reviewed the published information on its role within immune, endothelial, and stromal cells, the influence of Gal-1 on cancer biology, specifically within melanoma, therapeutic strategies to target Gal-1, and identified key gaps in current therapies and research.

Indexed as

AngiogenesisCancerCarbohydrate recognition domainsEndothelial cellsFibroblastsGalectin-1GlycansImmune cellsImmune invasionImmunosuppressionMelanomaMetastatic melanomaStromal cellsTumor-associated macrophagesTumor microenvironment

Identifiers

PMID41918780
PMCPMC13035363

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.