Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41918882›Full record

ReviewFrontiers in cell and developmental biology2026

From mono- to multi-cellular

Gareth Owain Edwards, Francesco Saverio Li Causi, Giorgio Castagnola, Shailendra Singh, Pier Giorgio Amendola

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Frontiers in cell and developmental biology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Gareth Owain EdwardsCellomatics Biosciences Ltd., Nottingham, United Kingdom.
Francesco Saverio Li CausiDepartment of Medical Surgical Science and Translational Medicine, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
Giorgio CastagnolaDepartment of Medical Surgical Science and Translational Medicine, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
Shailendra SinghCellomatics Biosciences Ltd., Nottingham, United Kingdom.
Pier Giorgio AmendolaCellomatics Biosciences Ltd., Nottingham, United Kingdom.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a heterogeneous disease shaped by diverse molecular subtypes, tumour microenvironmental context, and rapid adaptation under therapeutic pressure. Treatment outcomes remain highly variable, despite advances in screening, molecular profiling, and targeted and immune-based therapies. This is particularly significant in microsatellite-stable disease, where immune exclusion and resistance mechanisms limit therapeutic efficacy. Disease complexity is only partially captured by current biomarkers, contributing to late-stage failure in drug development and suboptimal patient stratification in the clinic. This Mini Review discusses how advanced

Indexed as

co-culture modelscolorectal cancerorgan-on- a-chippatient derived organoidsprecision oncologytumour microenvironment (TME)

Identifiers

PMID41918882
PMCPMC13033689

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.