Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41918967›Full record

ReviewDrug design, development and therapy2026

Research Progress on the Mechanism and Targeted Intervention of G Protein-Coupled Bile Acid Receptor 1 (GPBAR1)-Mediated "Inflammation-Apoptosis-Metabolism-Microcirculation" Regulatory Network in Hepatitis B-Associated Liver Failure.

Chao Cui, Yu Sun, Kaiyue Zhang, Jingfei Shi, Kai Wang, Shuai Gao

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Drug design, development and therapy, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Chao CuiScientific Research Department, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University Dezhou Hospital, Dezhou, People's Republic of China.ORCID 0000-0002-7868-6263
Yu SunDepartment of Infectious Disease, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University Dezhou Hospital, Dezhou, People's Republic of China.
Kaiyue ZhangDepartment of Infectious Disease, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University Dezhou Hospital, Dezhou, People's Republic of China.
Jingfei ShiDepartment of Clinical and Basic Medicine, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, People's Republic of China.
Kai WangDepartment of Infectious Disease, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University Dezhou Hospital, Dezhou, People's Republic of China.
Shuai GaoDepartment of Hepatology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Hepatitis B-associated liver failure (HBV-LF) is a severe hepatic disease induced by hepatitis B virus infection, characterized by massive hepatocyte necrosis, rapid liver dysfunction, uncontrolled inflammation, bile acid metabolism disorders and immune microenvironment imbalance. It has a high short-term mortality of 40%-70% worldwide. Current mainstream treatments, including antiviral and organ support therapies, only control viral replication and maintain organ function, but cannot effectively reverse the excessive inflammatory cascade and metabolic disorders that drive HBV-LF progression. This review systematically summarizes the molecular mechanisms by which GPBAR1 regulates the four core pathological processes of HBV-LF: uncontrolled inflammation, massive hepatocyte apoptosis, bile acid metabolism disorders and hepatic microcirculation disturbance, and clarifies its value as a potential therapeutic target. G protein-coupled bile acid receptor 1 (GPBAR1/TGR5) is a key membrane receptor for bile acids and critically regulates hepatic physiology and pathology. Given the limited direct evidence in HBV-LF, we cautiously extrapolate relevant mechanisms from chronic hepatitis B, acute liver injury and metabolic liver diseases based on shared pathological features, while noting that these mechanisms require further validation in HBV-LF models and clinical samples. We review the structure, distribution, activation and signaling pathways of GPBAR1, focusing on its protective role in HBV-LF: inhibiting excessive inflammation via NF-κB and Keap1-Nrf2 pathways, reducing hepatocyte apoptosis through mitochondrial and PI3K/Akt pathways, maintaining bile acid balance by regulating CYP7A1/CYP8A1, and improving hepatic immunity and microcirculation via NKT, CCL2/CCR2 and ET-1 axes. Abnormal GPBAR1 expression correlates with HBV-LF severity and poor prognosis. We also summarize preclinical progress of GPBAR1 agonists (e.g. INT-767, BAR501) and compare GPBAR1-targeted strategies with other GPCR therapies. This review provides a theoretical basis for mechanistic research and target identification of HBV-LF.

Indexed as

ApoptosisHepatitis BInflammationLiver FailureReceptors, G-Protein-CoupledAnimalsBile Acids and SaltsHumansMicrocirculationBile Acids and SaltsGPBAR1 protein, humanReceptors, G-Protein-Coupledbile acid metabolism disorderg protein-coupled bile acid receptor 1hepatitis b-associated liver failureimmune microenvironment imbalanceuncontrolled inflammation

Identifiers

PMID41918967
PMCPMC13033936

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.