Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41918971›Full record

ReviewFrontiers in endocrinology2026

Diabetes and postoperative cognitive dysfunction and delirium in adults: mechanisms, biomarkers, and clinical management.

Abdulrahman Khaled Alwesabi, Yuhu Ma, Boxiong Gao, Jinxiang Xie, Ji Chengying, Su Xiaodong, Qian Fu, Ying Liu, Qijing Liu, Jiayi Xie and 3 more

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Frontiers in endocrinology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Abdulrahman Khaled AlwesabiThe First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.
Yuhu MaDepartment of Anesthesiology and Surgery, First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.
Boxiong GaoThe First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.
Jinxiang XieThe First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.
Ji ChengyingThe First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.
Su XiaodongThe First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.
Qian FuThe First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.
Ying LiuThe First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.
Qijing LiuThe First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.
Jiayi XieThe First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.
Bokang YangThe First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.
Chaohui GaoThe First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.
Yatao LiuDepartment of Anesthesiology and Surgery, First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) and postoperative delirium (POD) are common perioperative neurocognitive disorders, particularly affecting individuals with diabetes, who show a disproportionately higher susceptibility. Diabetic patients are at higher risk due to blood sugar fluctuations, vascular changes, and inflammation that can affect brain function. This review explores how diabetes contributes to POCD and POD, the role of biomarkers in identifying those at risk, and strategies to prevent and manage these complications. A thorough analysis of current studies highlights that factors such as hyperglycemia, glycemic variability, and diabetes-related complications significantly increase the likelihood of cognitive problems after surgery. While several tools exist to assess cognition and delirium, none reliably detect early changes on their own, underscoring the need for integrated approaches that combine biomarkers and clinical assessment. Interventions like tight blood sugar control, careful perioperative monitoring, and cognitive rehabilitation may help reduce these risks. Overall, understanding the link between diabetes and postoperative cognitive complications and implementing personalized care plans are key to improving recovery and quality of life for diabetic patients. Future research should prioritize the standardization of diagnostic criteria, the clinical validation of perioperative biomarkers, and the development of targeted preventive and therapeutic strategies for patients at increased perioperative neurocognitive risk.

Indexed as

BiomarkersDeliriumDiabetes ComplicationsDiabetes MellitusPostoperative Cognitive ComplicationsPostoperative ComplicationsHumansBiomarkersbiomarkersdiabetes mellitusneuroinflammationpostoperative cognitive dysfunctionpostoperative delirium

Identifiers

PMID41918971
PMCPMC13033579

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.