Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41919142›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in veterinary science2026

Assessing animal welfare impacts of cosmetic manipulations in dromedary camels: insights from oxidative and inflammatory biomarkers.

Mohamed Tharwat, Tariq I Almundarij, Hassan Barakat

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Article in Frontiers in veterinary science, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Mohamed TharwatDepartment of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia.
Tariq I AlmundarijDepartment of Medical Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia.
Hassan BarakatDepartment of Food Science and Human Nutrition, College of Agriculture and Food, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Cosmetic alterations in camels, such as lip binding, hormone and filler injections, and lip stretching, are common at beauty festivals and severely compromise animal welfare. This study aimed to quantify their physiological effects by analyzing inflammation and oxidative stress biomarkers. A total of 12,385 dromedary camels were examined during the 7th King Abdulaziz Camel Festival (KACF). Camels with identified tampering were classified into five groups: lip binding (LBC), hormone injection (HIC), lip stretching (LSC), perinasal filler injection (PFIC), and lip filler injection (LFIC), with 20 age-matched healthy camels as controls (NC). Serum samples were analyzed for inflammatory markers (serum amyloid A, SAA) and oxidative stress biomarkers [total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), catalase (CAT), reduced glutathione (GSH), and malondialdehyde (MDA)]. All cosmetic procedures were associated with significant changes in SAA and oxidative-stress biomarkers (T-SOD, CAT, GSH, and MDA), consistent with a systemic inflammatory and oxidative stress response in dromedary camels. SAA levels were highest in HIC (11.82 ng mL

Indexed as

acute phase responseanimal welfarebiomarkerscosmetic proceduresdromedary camelsoxidative damage

Identifiers

PMID41919142
PMCPMC13033491

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.