ArticleFrontiers in veterinary science2026
Assessing animal welfare impacts of cosmetic manipulations in dromedary camels: insights from oxidative and inflammatory biomarkers.
Article in Frontiers in veterinary science, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
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3 authors.
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Abstract
Cosmetic alterations in camels, such as lip binding, hormone and filler injections, and lip stretching, are common at beauty festivals and severely compromise animal welfare. This study aimed to quantify their physiological effects by analyzing inflammation and oxidative stress biomarkers. A total of 12,385 dromedary camels were examined during the 7th King Abdulaziz Camel Festival (KACF). Camels with identified tampering were classified into five groups: lip binding (LBC), hormone injection (HIC), lip stretching (LSC), perinasal filler injection (PFIC), and lip filler injection (LFIC), with 20 age-matched healthy camels as controls (NC). Serum samples were analyzed for inflammatory markers (serum amyloid A, SAA) and oxidative stress biomarkers [total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), catalase (CAT), reduced glutathione (GSH), and malondialdehyde (MDA)]. All cosmetic procedures were associated with significant changes in SAA and oxidative-stress biomarkers (T-SOD, CAT, GSH, and MDA), consistent with a systemic inflammatory and oxidative stress response in dromedary camels. SAA levels were highest in HIC (11.82 ng mL
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