Observational studyChest2026
The Impact of Disease Severity and Symptoms on Anxiety and Depression in Individuals With Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis.
Observational study in Chest, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Neuropsychiatric disorders in pulmonary fibrosis: from brain network alterations to inflammatory mechanisms and therapeutic implications.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Review
- Psychiatric comorbidities in patients with interstitial lung diseases: A narrative review of epidemiology, clinical impact, and integrated care strategies.Therapeutic advances in respiratory diseaseReview
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundIdiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a debilitating, life-limiting fibrotic lung disease. Symptoms including breathlessness, cough, and fatigue, together with disease severity, contribute to psychological burden, yet their relationship with anxiety and depression remains unclear. RESEARCH QUESTION: In patients with IPF, what is the prevalence and severity of anxiety and depression, and what are their associations with symptoms and disease severity? STUDY DESIGN AND
methodsThis observational study prospectively recruited patients with incident IPF. Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Dyspnea-12, Leicester Cough Questionnaires, cough visual analog scales, Living with IPF (L-IPF), and lung function were assessed at baseline and 12 months.
resultsTwo hundred sixty-nine patients with IPF (mean age, 73.5 years; 81% male) were recruited; 157 completed follow-up. Mean FVC % predicted ± SD was 79% ± 14.7%. At baseline, the prevalence of anxiety and depression (HADS score ≥ 8) was 27.5% and 28.3%, respectively (suggestive HADS 8-10: 18.6% and 14.9%; probable HADS ≥ 11: 8.9% and 13.3%, respectively). On multivariable analysis, worse Dyspnea-12 and poorer L-IPF energy were independent factors for both anxiety and depression at baseline; younger age was a factor for anxiety. Baseline lung function did not correlate with HADS anxiety or HADS depression. At follow-up, HADS anxiety scores increased numerically, below reported minimal clinically important difference values, with no change in HADS depression scores. Younger age, higher Dyspnea-12 scores, and poorer L-IPF energy were associated with greater increases in anxiety. Moderate or weak correlations were observed between changes in HADS and longitudinal changes in patient-reported outcomes (worsening breathlessness, cough, and energy levels). Changes in FVC % predicted did not correlate with HADS.
interpretationOur results show that anxiety and depression are common in patients with IPF and are associated with more dyspnea and lower energy. The mental health burden experienced by patients with IPF needs better recognition and might be helped by targeted symptom management.
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