Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41922952›Full record

ArticleMolecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.)2026

Alpha-1 antitrypsin-glucocorticoid receptor axis: a new pathway in immune modulation.

Kevin Möhlis, Julia Held, Elena Korenbaum, Sabine Wrenger, Sabina Janciauskiene, John T Heiker

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Kevin Möhlis *Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic, Obesity and Vascular Research (HI-MAG) of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University of Leipzig, University Hospital Leipzig, Philipp-Rosenthal-Straße 27, Leipzig, 04103, Germany.
Julia Held *Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Feodor- Lynen-Str. 23, Hannover, 30625, Germany.
Elena KorenbaumDivision of Structural Biochemistry, Hannover Medical School, Carl- Neuberg-Str. 1, Hannover, 30625, Germany.
Sabine WrengerDepartment of Respiratory Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Feodor- Lynen-Str. 23, Hannover, 30625, Germany.
Sabina JanciauskieneDepartment of Respiratory Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Feodor- Lynen-Str. 23, Hannover, 30625, Germany. janciauskiene.sabina@mh-hannover.de.ORCID 0000-0003-3228-8021
John T HeikerHelmholtz Institute for Metabolic, Obesity and Vascular Research (HI-MAG) of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University of Leipzig, University Hospital Leipzig, Philipp-Rosenthal-Straße 27, Leipzig, 04103, Germany. john.heiker@helmholtz-munich.de.ORCID 0000-0003-2822-3006

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAlpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) has been reported to interact with the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and modulate its signaling. We extended these findings by testing whether native (nAAT) and oxidized AAT (oxAAT) bind GR.

methodsBinding of native and modified AAT (oxidized and cleaved) to GR and candidate receptors (LRP1, SR-B1, TfR, CD36) was assessed by ELISA. AAT-GR colocalization was examined in PBMCs and macrophage models by confocal microscopy and co-immunoprecipitation. NR3C1 (GR) mRNA in PBMCs was analyzed after 24 h of treatment with AAT or dexamethasone.

resultsnAAT and oxAAT bound GR (EC₅₀ 0.9 and 2.6 µM) and LRP1 (EC₅₀ 2.9 and 1.3 µM), whereas binding to SR-B1, TfR, and CD36 was weak (EC₅₀ > 5 µM). Cleaved AAT showed no binding. AAT-GR colocalization was present in non-activated PBMCs but absent in macrophages, where GR was predominantly nuclear. Both nAAT and oxAAT significantly reduced NR3C1 mRNA, similar to dexamethasone.

conclusionnAAT and oxAAT, but not cleaved forms of AAT, bind GR in vitro and associate with cytoplasmic GR in non-activated immune cells. Our results support the role of AAT in regulating GR signaling and highlight the AAT-GR axis as a putative mechanism of immune regulation.

Indexed as

alpha 1-AntitrypsinImmunomodulationReceptors, GlucocorticoidSignal TransductionAnimalsDexamethasoneHumansLeukocytes, MononuclearMacrophagesProtein Bindingalpha 1-AntitrypsinDexamethasoneReceptors, GlucocorticoidAlpha1-antitrypsinConfocal microscopyGlucocorticoid receptorImmunoprecipitationMacrophagesPBMCs

Identifiers

PMID41922952
PMCPMC13064270

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.