SynthesisFrontiers in nutrition2026
Efficacy of vitamin D supplementation in patients diagnosed with depression: a dose-response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Synthesis in Frontiers in nutrition, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
Background: Depression affects 5% of the global population, posing significant health and economic challenges. Objectives: This study evaluates the efficacy of vitamin D supplementation in reducing depressive symptoms and explores its dose-response relationship. Methods: We used PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library to identify randomized controlled trials using the keyword combination of vitamin D and depression from inception to June 2024. The primary outcome was the change in depressive symptoms. A dose-response meta-analysis using restricted cubic splines was conducted to explore potential sources of heterogeneity and examine the dose-response relationship. Results: The outcomes were reported in 15 studies encompassing data from 962 participants. Vitamin D supplementation demonstrated a significant improvement in depressive symptoms compared to the placebo group (SMD: -0.98; 95% CI - 1.28 to -0.68; Conclusion: Our findings from this systematic review and meta-analysis indicated that vitamin D supplementation may be an effective adjunctive therapy for improving depressive symptoms. The observed reductions in serum PTH and TNFα levels suggest anti-inflammatory mechanisms underlying its antidepressant effects. Higher daily doses, particularly around 5,000 IU, were associated with greater symptom improvement within the studied populations.
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