ReviewResearch (Washington, D.C.)2026
Stimulation Modalities in Wearable Haptic Systems: Single-Mode Feedback to Multiphysics Actuation.
Review in Research (Washington, D.C.), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Wearable haptic systems enable natural and intuitive human-machine interaction, with growing relevance in immersive entertainment, physical rehabilitation, social communication, and personalized therapy. By delivering real-time tactile feedback via electrical, thermal, and mechanical stimulation, individually or in combination, these systems enhance user engagement and enable more dynamic and responsive digital interactions. This review presents a structured overview of the design principles, actuation mechanisms, and material architectures that define current wearable haptic technologies. We evaluate the strengths and limitations of major feedback modalities and highlight how system-level designs are tailored to specific use cases, from immersive gaming and training simulations to postoperative rehabilitation and emotion-sensitive communication. We also identify key challenges in miniaturization, multimodal integration, user comfort, and long-term wearability. The insights presented here aim to inform the development of next-generation haptic interfaces that are adaptive, scalable, and deployable in real-world applications.
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.