ArticleFrontiers in endocrinology2026
Mechanistic insights of hypoglycemic components from
Article in Frontiers in endocrinology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: This study aimed to fractionate Methods: Three polysaccharide fractions (PP I, PP II, PP III) were extracted from Results: PP III (31.0% recovery) exhibited distinct monosaccharide composition dominated by rhamnose and glucose, with molecular weights of 1618.4 Da, 477.4 Da, and 309.5 Da, and demonstrated the most pronounced hypoglycemic activity compared to both other fractions and original PP. In db/db mice, PP III administration significantly reduced hyperglycemia while enhancing insulin sensitivity. Transcriptomic sequencing analysis showed that PP III's mechanism involves gut microbiota-mediated short-chain fatty acid production (notably acetic acid and propionic acid), subsequently inhibiting hepatic gluconeogenesis. Mechanistic studies identified propionic acid as a key mediator, which may exert its effects by promoting leptin (LEP) secretion and activating the hepatic AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway, thus suppressing hepatic gluconeogenesis. Conclusion: This research identifies PP III as the principal hypoglycemic fraction of PP, providing mechanistic insights and preclinical evidence supporting its potential application as a functional food, health supplement, or pharmaceutical agent for diabetes management.
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