Evidence mapPaperPMID 41924876Full record

ArticleArteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology2026

Impairment of Macrophage Functions by the Senescence-Associated Secretory Phenotype of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells-Brief Report.

Dimitrios Tsitsipatis, Tatiana Rodriguez Rivera, Mary Kaileh, Ada N Okereke, Aditi Gupta, Amit Singh, Sean M Raph, Charnae' Henry-Smith, Allison B Herman

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Dimitrios TsitsipatisLaboratory of Cardiovascular Science (D.T., T.R.R., A.N.O., S.M.R., C.H.-S., A.B.H.), National Institute on Aging (NIA) Intramural Research Program (IRP), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Baltimore, MD.ORCID 0009-0002-6399-034X
Tatiana Rodriguez RiveraLaboratory of Cardiovascular Science (D.T., T.R.R., A.N.O., S.M.R., C.H.-S., A.B.H.), National Institute on Aging (NIA) Intramural Research Program (IRP), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Baltimore, MD.
Mary KailehLaboratory of Molecular Biology and Immunology (M.K., A.G., A.S.), National Institute on Aging (NIA) Intramural Research Program (IRP), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Baltimore, MD.ORCID 0000-0003-2314-312X
Ada N OkerekeLaboratory of Cardiovascular Science (D.T., T.R.R., A.N.O., S.M.R., C.H.-S., A.B.H.), National Institute on Aging (NIA) Intramural Research Program (IRP), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Baltimore, MD.ORCID 0009-0004-8001-4855
Aditi GuptaLaboratory of Molecular Biology and Immunology (M.K., A.G., A.S.), National Institute on Aging (NIA) Intramural Research Program (IRP), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Baltimore, MD.ORCID 0009-0008-6875-8981
Amit SinghLaboratory of Molecular Biology and Immunology (M.K., A.G., A.S.), National Institute on Aging (NIA) Intramural Research Program (IRP), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Baltimore, MD.ORCID 0000-0001-9782-306X
Sean M RaphLaboratory of Cardiovascular Science (D.T., T.R.R., A.N.O., S.M.R., C.H.-S., A.B.H.), National Institute on Aging (NIA) Intramural Research Program (IRP), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Baltimore, MD.
Charnae' Henry-SmithLaboratory of Cardiovascular Science (D.T., T.R.R., A.N.O., S.M.R., C.H.-S., A.B.H.), National Institute on Aging (NIA) Intramural Research Program (IRP), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Baltimore, MD.
Allison B HermanLaboratory of Cardiovascular Science (D.T., T.R.R., A.N.O., S.M.R., C.H.-S., A.B.H.), National Institute on Aging (NIA) Intramural Research Program (IRP), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Baltimore, MD.ORCID 0000-0003-0121-7140

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThis study aimed to determine the effect of senescent vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) on foam cell formation and macrophage phagocytic activity in atherosclerotic conditions.

methodsWe measured the capacity of senescent VSMCs for scavenging oxLDL (oxidized low-density lipoprotein), which was impaired in senescent cells compared with proliferating and quiescent cells. Next, we obtained human peripheral blood monocytes from people >60 years old and differentiated them into macrophages using GM-CSF (granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor). We treated the macrophages with conditioned media derived from proliferating, quiescent, and senescent VSMCs and measured oxLDL uptake, phagocytosis, and efferocytosis.

resultsThe results demonstrated that macrophages treated with senescent VSMC conditioned media experienced impaired oxLDL uptake, phagocytic activity, and reduced ability to clear senescent cells. Treatment of senescent VSMCs with senomorphic drugs before conditioned media transfer restored macrophage functions, confirming that the SASP (senescence-associated secretory phenotype) is critical for impairing macrophages during atherosclerotic conditions.

conclusionsOur results suggest that the SASP derived from senescent VSMCs prevents foam cell formation and disrupts the homeostatic function of macrophages in atherosclerosis. By suppressing macrophage function, senescent cells seem to evade immune clearance and accumulate, further propagating disease development.

Indexed as

AtherosclerosisCellular SenescenceFoam CellsMacrophagesMuscle, Smooth, VascularMyocytes, Smooth MuscleSenescence-Associated Secretory PhenotypeAgedCell DifferentiationCell ProliferationCells, CulturedCulture Media, ConditionedEfferocytosisHumansLipoproteins, LDLMiddle AgedCulture Media, ConditionedLipoproteins, LDLoxidized low density lipoproteinSenotherapeuticsculture media, conditionedefferocytosisfoam cellsmacrophagessenescence-associated secretory phenotype

Identifiers

PMID41924876
PMCPMC13098668

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.