ArticleJournal of autism and developmental disorders2026
Alterations in Amygdala and Hippocampal Volumes in Autism Spectrum Disorder: Meta-analysis.
Article in Journal of autism and developmental disorders, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
objectiveThe amygdala and hippocampus play a critical role in socio-emotional and cognitive processes. This meta-analysis aimed to systematically evaluate volumetric differences in the amygdala and hippocampus in ASD compared with non-autistic controls.
methodsA literature search was conducted in the PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases. Forty studies were included in the meta-analysis, with 34 contributing data for the right amygdala, 35 for the left amygdala, 23 for the right hippocampus, and 24 for the left hippocampus.
resultsThe meta-analysis indicated that individuals with ASD exhibited significantly larger volumes in the right amygdala (MD = 0.09 cm3, 95% CI [0.03, 0.15]; I2 = 94.87%; Z = 2.99; p < 0.001; Cohen’s d = 0.30), left amygdala (MD = 0.07 cm3, 95% CI [0.02, 0.11]; I2 = 90.99%; Z = 2.91; p < 0.001; Cohen’s d = 0.24), and left hippocampus (MD = 0.13 cm3, 95% CI [0.00, 0.26]; I2 = 95.31%; Z = 2.02; p = 0.04; Cohen’s d = 0.44). No significant difference was observed in right hippocampal volume (MD = 0.10 cm3, 95% CI [–0.04, 0.23]; I2 = 95.23%; Z = 1.40; p = 0.16; Cohen’s d = 0.35). Egger’s regression test indicated potential publication bias for both left (p = 0.0146) and right amygdala volumes (p = 0.0056).
conclusionThe current findings reveal significant volumetric increases in the bilateral amygdala and left hippocampus in ASD. However, given the high heterogeneity and potential publication bias, these findings should be interpreted as preliminary group-level neuroanatomical differences.
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