Evidence mapPaperPMID 41928252Full record

ReviewJournal of nanobiotechnology2026

In vivo CAR-T therapy: from molecular design to precision delivery.

Huixian Li, Wenjing Wen, Xuan Zhao, Gaofeng Liang

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Journal of nanobiotechnology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Huixian LiCollege of Clinical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, China.
Wenjing WenHenan International Joint Labortory of Small Nucleic Acid and Tumor precision Theranostics, School of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, Henan University of Science & Technology, Luoyang, 471023, China.
Xuan ZhaoHenan International Joint Labortory of Small Nucleic Acid and Tumor precision Theranostics, School of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, Henan University of Science & Technology, Luoyang, 471023, China.
Gaofeng LiangCollege of Clinical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, China. lgfeng990448@163.com.

Funding

Joint Fund of Henan Province Science and Technology R&D Program 225200810020Key R&D project of Henan Province 221111310600National Key Research and Development Program of China 2022YFE132800
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In 2017, the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) granted the inaugural approval of chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR-T) therapy, marking the advent of a new era in cancer immunotherapy. However, the conventional ex vivo CAR‑T cell manufacturing workflow is complex and time consuming, resulting not only in high treatment costs and limited patient access, but also in effector differentiation of T cells and upregulation of exhaustion markers during prolonged in vitro expansion, which may impair the durability and antitumor activity of the cell product and reduce therapeutic efficacy. To enhance the efficacy and accessibility of CAR-T therapy, the strategy of in vivo generation of CAR cells has emerged as a prominent research focus, notwithstanding substantial technical challenges and its broad prospects. This review systematically summarizes the latest advances, technical challenges, and future trends of in vivo CAR-T therapy, with an emphasis on CAR mRNA molecular design, structural modifications, advancements in gene delivery technologies, and clinical applications, aiming to provide a comprehensive reference for related research.

Indexed as

Immunotherapy, AdoptiveNeoplasmsReceptors, Chimeric AntigenAnimalsGene Transfer TechniquesHumansT-LymphocytesReceptors, Chimeric AntigenConstructionGene DeliveryImmunotherapyIn vivo CAR-T

Identifiers

PMID41928252
PMCPMC13169547

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.