ArticleResearch square2026
Severity-dependent fronto-cingulate network compensation of immune-dependent caudate-insula dysconnectivity in bipolar II depression.
Article in Research square, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Depressive symptoms in bipolar II depression (BDII-D) arise from brain dysconnectivity within medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC)-centered networks, in interaction with peripheral inflammatory alterations. This study aimed to characterize structure-derived functional connectivity (FC) changes in BDII-D and to determine how dysconnectivity relates to depression severity and inflammatory markers, particularly interleukin (IL)-1β. A total of 147 individuals with BDII-D and 150 healthy controls underwent fMRI, peripheral inflammation, and clinical symptom assessments. Based on prior structural alterations in BDII-D, seed-based FC changes were examined. Partial correlation analyses with multiple comparisons correction evaluated associations among altered FC, inflammatory cytokines, psychiatric symptoms, and clinical profiles. A moderation analysis tested whether IL-1β moderated the relationship between altered FC and depressive symptoms in BDII-D. Greater depressive symptoms in BDII-D were associated with higher caudate-insula and right triangular inferior frontal gyrus-bilateral superior frontal gyrus (SFG) connectivity, as well as lower medial SFG-posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) connectivity. IL-1β moderated the relationship between caudate-insula connectivity and depressive symptoms. The association between lower medial SFG-PCC connectivity and greater depressive severity was absent in BDII-D with HAMD < 17 (mild depressive symptoms) but significant in those with HAMD ≥ 17(moderate-to-severe depressive symptoms). Lower left middle frontal gyrus-right lateral superior lateral occipital gyrus connectivity was significantly associated with higher psychotic positive symptoms. Depressive symptoms in BDII-D reflect inflammation-related dysconnectivity across emotion and sensory networks. mPFC alterations may indicate adaptive processes and a potential neuromodulation target, while frontal-visual dysconnectivity is related to psychotic symptoms, suggesting a role of visual processing in the pathophysiology of BDII-D.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.