Designing and immuno-informatics evaluation of a multi-epitope vaccine targeting lipoprotein A-4'-phosphatase (LpxF) for

Introduction: The WHO has classified Methods: A subtractive proteomics pipeline was employed to identify appropriate antigenic proteins for the development of a multi-epitope vaccine (MEV). Lipid A-4'phosphatase (LpxF) was selected as a potential target. Various bioinformatics and immunoinformatics databases were used to predict T and B cell epitopes. A 757 amino acid MEV was then constructed by combining eight cytotoxic T cell (CTL), nineteen helper T cell (HTL), and fourteen linear B cell (LBL) epitopes using appropriate adjuvants and linkers. The vaccine's interaction with human immunological receptors (TLR2, TLR4, and TLR5) was evaluated via molecular docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Finally, the pET-28a(+) plasmid vector from Escherichia coli was used to assess expression capabilities. Results: The proposed MEV was found to be non-allergic, stable, and highly antigenic for human use. Computational simulations, including molecular docking and MD, demonstrated strong binding affinity and stable molecular interactions between the MEV and target immune receptors. In silico cloning results further confirmed the expression potential of the vaccine within the Discussion: Based on these computational findings, the designed MEV shows significant promise for establishing protective immunity against